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The rapid growth of the digital platform economy is transforming labor markets, offering new employment opportunities with promises of flexibility and accessibility. However, these benefits often come at the expense of increased economic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Clara Punzi

Since its emergence roughly a decade ago, microtask crowdsourcing has been attracting a heterogeneous set of workers from all over the globe. This paper sets out to explore the characteristics of the international crowd workforce and offers…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Lisa Posch , Arnim Bleier , Fabian Flöck , Clemens M. Lechner , Katharina Kinder-Kurlanda , Denis Helic , Markus Strohmaier

The rise of online labor markets (e.g., Freelancer, Guru and Upwork) has ignited a lot of research on team formation, where experts acquiring different skills form teams to complete tasks. The core idea in this line of work has been the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Sofia Maria Nikolakaki , Mingxiang Cai , Evimaria Terzi

Although domestic work is often viewed as manual labor, it involves significant interaction with online technologies. However, the detailed exploration of how domestic workers use these technologies remains limited. This study examines the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Mariana Fernandez-Espinosa , Mariana Gonzalez-Bejar , Jacobo Wiesner , Diego Gomez-Zara

As digitalization and cloud technologies evolve, the web is becoming increasingly important in the modern society. Autonomous web agents based on large language models (LLMs) hold a great potential in work automation. It is therefore…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Tianci Xue , Weijian Qi , Tianneng Shi , Chan Hee Song , Boyu Gou , Dawn Song , Huan Sun , Yu Su

How many workers displaced by automation can realistically transition to safer jobs? We answer this using a validated knowledge graph of 9,978 Egyptian job postings, 19,766 skill activities, and 84,346 job-skill relationships (0.74% error…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Ahmed Dawoud , Sondos Samir , Youssef Nasr , Ahmed Habashy , Aya Saleh , Mahmoud Mohamed , Osama El-Shamy

The uniqueness of human labour is at question in times of smart technologies. The 250 years-old discussion on technological unemployment reawakens. Prominently, Frey and Osborne (2017) estimated that half of US employment will be automated…

General Economics · Economics 2021-04-29 Fabian Stephany , Hanno Lorenz

The current hype around artificial intelligence (AI) conceals the substantial human intervention underlying its development. This article lifts the veil on the precarious and low-paid 'data workers' who prepare data to train, test, check,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Paola Tubaro , Antonio A. Casilli , Mariana Fernández Massi , Julieta Longo , Juana Torres-Cierpe , Matheus Viana Braz

Differences in the social and economic environment across countries encourage humans to migrate in search of better living conditions, including job opportunities, higher salaries, security and welfare. Quantifying global migration is,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-07-07 Luis E C Rocha , Petter Holme , Claudio D G Linhares

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of global web usage patterns based on data from SimilarWeb, a leading source for estimating web traffic. Leveraging a dataset comprising over 250,000 websites, we estimate the total web traffic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Henrique S. Xavier

Many recent technological advances (e.g. ChatGPT and search engines) are possible only because of massive amounts of user-generated data produced through user interactions with computing systems or scraped from the web (e.g. behavior logs,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Hanlin Li , Nicholas Vincent , Stevie Chancellor , Brent Hecht

The study examines the essential features of the so-called platform-based work, which is rapidly evolving into a major, potentially game-changing force in the labor market. From low-skilled, low-paid services (such as passenger transport)…

General Economics · Economics 2021-05-13 Csaba Mako , Miklos Illessy , Jozsef Pap , Saeed Nosratabadi

Open source development contains contributions from both hired and volunteer software developers. Identification of this status is important when we consider the transferability of research results to the closed source software industry, as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-10-04 Maëlick Claes , Mika Mäntylä , Miikka Kuutila , Umar Farooq

Cybercrime is continuously growing in numbers and becoming more sophisticated. Currently, there are various monetisation and money laundering methods, creating a huge, underground economy worldwide. A clear indicator of these activities is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Nikolaos Lykousas , Vasilios Koutsokostas , Fran Casino , Constantinos Patsakis

This research investigated how online criminal activities can be better understood and connected using data-driven machine learning methods. Many illegal activities, such as human trafficking and illicit trade, have moved to online…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Vageesh Kumar Saxena

The proliferation of Internet-enabled devices and services has led to a shifting balance between digital and analogue aspects of our everyday lives. In the face of this development there is a growing demand for the study of privacy hazards,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-07-13 Maria Han Veiga , Carsten Eickhoff

Automation affects the labour content of work differently across different contexts. Yet, most existing exposure measures assign fixed scores to tasks or occupations, limiting comparisons of automation exposure across countries. We develop…

General Economics · Economics 2026-05-19 Prashant Garg , Tommaso Crosta , Jasmin Baier

Economic issues, such as inflation, energy costs, taxes, and interest rates, are a constant presence in our daily lives and have been exacerbated by global events such as pandemics, environmental disasters, and wars. A sustained history of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Abeer Abdullah Alaql , Fahad Alqurashi , Rashid Mehmood

We conduct an experimental analysis of a dataset comprising over 27 million microtasks performed by over 70,000 workers issued to a large crowdsourcing marketplace between 2012-2016. Using this data---never before analyzed in an academic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-01-24 Ayush Jain , Akash Das Sarma , Aditya Parameswaran , Jennifer Widom

Online trading has attracted millions of people around the world. In March 2021, it was reported there were 18 million accounts from just one broker. Historically, manipulation in financial markets is considered to be fraudulently…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2021-07-30 Golnaz Shahtahmassebi , Lascelles Wright