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Enabling question answering over tables and databases in natural language has become a key capability in the democratization of insights from tabular data sources. These systems first require retrieval of data that is relevant to a given…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Wojciech Kosiuk , Xingyu Ji , Yeounoh Chung , Fatma Özcan , Madelon Hulsebos

Open domain conversational agents can answer a broad range of targeted queries. However, the sequential nature of interaction with these systems makes knowledge exploration a lengthy task which burdens the user with asking a chain of well…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Christopher Richardson , Sudipta Kar , Anjishnu Kumar , Anand Ramachandran , Omar Zia Khan , Zeynab Raeesy , Abhinav Sethy

Realistic text-to-SQL workflows often require joining multiple tables. As a result, accurately retrieving the relevant set of tables becomes a key bottleneck for end-to-end performance. We study an open-book setting where queries must be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Hassan Soliman , Vivek Gupta , Dan Roth , Iryna Gurevych

Open-domain table question answering traditionally relies on a two-stage pipeline: static table retrieval followed by a closed-domain answer. In contrast, we propose an end-to-end agentic framework that embeds multi-turn tool calls-using a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zipeng Qiu

Tables are an important form of structured data for both human and machine readers alike, providing answers to questions that cannot, or cannot easily, be found in texts. Recent work has designed special models and training paradigms for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Zhiruo Wang , Zhengbao Jiang , Eric Nyberg , Graham Neubig

The data landscape is rich with structured data, often of high value to organizations, driving important applications in data analysis and machine learning. Recent progress in representation learning and generative models for such data has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xingyu Ji , Parker Glenn , Aditya G. Parameswaran , Madelon Hulsebos

To extract answers from a large corpus, open-domain question answering (QA) systems usually rely on information retrieval (IR) techniques to narrow the search space. Standard inverted index methods such as TF-IDF are commonly used as thanks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Wenhan Xiong , Hong Wang , William Yang Wang

Considering the limited internal parametric knowledge, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been widely used to extend the knowledge scope of large language models (LLMs). Despite the extensive efforts on RAG research, in existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Yuhao Wang , Ruiyang Ren , Junyi Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jing Liu , Ji-Rong Wen

The rapid growth of tabular datasets in data lakes, data spaces, and open data portals makes effective dataset search essential for reuse and analysis. Existing search systems rely mainly on metadata, which is often incomplete or low…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Riccardo Terrenzi , Matteo Falconi , Serkan Ayvaz , Pierluigi Plebani

Retrieval-augmented models have proven to be effective in natural language processing tasks, yet there remains a lack of research on their optimization using variational inference. We introduce the Variational Open-Domain (VOD) framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Valentin Liévin , Andreas Geert Motzfeldt , Ida Riis Jensen , Ole Winther

Information retrieval systems have traditionally relied on exact term match methods such as BM25 for first-stage retrieval. However, recent advancements in neural network-based techniques have introduced a new method called dense retrieval.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ahmed H. Salamah , Pierre McWhannel , Nicole Yan

Prior studies in privacy policies frame the question answering (QA) task as identifying the most relevant text segment or a list of sentences from a policy document given a user query. Existing labeled datasets are heavily imbalanced (only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Md Rizwan Parvez , Jianfeng Chi , Wasi Uddin Ahmad , Yuan Tian , Kai-Wei Chang

A lot of progress has been made to improve question answering (QA) in recent years, but the special problem of QA over narrative book stories has not been explored in-depth. We formulate BookQA as an open-domain QA task given its similar…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Xiangyang Mou , Mo Yu , Bingsheng Yao , Chenghao Yang , Xiaoxiao Guo , Saloni Potdar , Hui Su

Open-Domain Table Question Answering (TQA) involves retrieving relevant tables from a large corpus to answer natural language queries. Traditional dense retrieval models such as DTR and DPR incur high computational costs for large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Adarsh Singh , Kushal Raj Bhandari , Jianxi Gao , Soham Dan , Vivek Gupta

Conversational search provides a natural interface for information retrieval (IR). Recent approaches have demonstrated promising results in applying dense retrieval to conversational IR. However, training dense retrievers requires large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Chao-Wei Huang , Chen-Yu Hsu , Tsu-Yuan Hsu , Chen-An Li , Yun-Nung Chen

Retrieval based open-domain QA systems use retrieved documents and answer-span selection over retrieved documents to find best-answer candidates. We hypothesize that multilingual Question Answering (QA) systems are prone to information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Shramay Palta , Haozhe An , Yifan Yang , Shuaiyi Huang , Maharshi Gor

In today's digital world, seeking answers to health questions on the Internet is a common practice. However, existing question answering (QA) systems often rely on using pre-selected and annotated evidence documents, thus making them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Juraj Vladika , Florian Matthes

Pretrained contextualized language models such as BERT have achieved impressive results on various natural language processing benchmarks. Benefiting from multiple pretraining tasks and large scale training corpora, pretrained models can…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Zhiyu Chen , Mohamed Trabelsi , Jeff Heflin , Yinan Xu , Brian D. Davison

Conversational search supports multi-turn user-system interactions to solve complex information needs. Different from the traditional single-turn ad-hoc search, conversational search encounters a more challenging problem of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Fengran Mo , Chen Qu , Kelong Mao , Yihong Wu , Zhan Su , Kaiyu Huang , Jian-Yun Nie

Due to the concise and structured nature of tables, the knowledge contained therein may be incomplete or missing, posing a significant challenge for table question answering (TableQA) and data analysis systems. Most existing datasets either…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Mengkang Hu , Haoyu Dong , Ping Luo , Shi Han , Dongmei Zhang