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Quantum computers will change the cryptographic panorama. A technology once believed to lay far away into the future is increasingly closer to real world applications. Quantum computers will break the algorithms used in our public key…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Alejandro Aguado , Victor Lopez , Diego Lopez , Momtchil Peev , Andreas Poppe , Antonio Pastor , Jesus Folgueira , Vicente Martiin

This chapter describes the application of lasers, specifically diode lasers, in the area of quantum key distribution (QKD). First, we motivate the distribution of cryptographic keys based on quantum physical properties of light, give a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-22 Philip Chan , Itzel Lucio-Martínez , Xiaofan Mo , Wolfgang Tittel

Quantum key distribution (QKD) constitutes the most widespread family of information preservation techniques in the context of Quantum Cryptography. However, these techniques must deal with a series of technological challenges that prevent…

General Physics · Physics 2022-05-06 Mario Mastriani

Practical implementations of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) often deviate from the theoretical protocols, exposing the implementations to various attacks even when the underlying (ideal) protocol is proven secure. We present new analysis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Ittay Alfassi , Ran Gelles , Rotem Liss , Tal Mor

Ongoing technological progress is accelerating the commercial and global-scale deployment of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). Its ability to enable unconditionally secure communication is expected to be a key feature of future…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Davide Scalcon , Matteo Padovan , Paolo Villoresi , Giuseppe Vallone , Marco Avesani

A main type of obstacles of practical applications of quantum key distribution (QKD) network is various attacks on detection. Measurement-device-independent QKD (MDIQKD) protocol is immune to all these attacks and thus a strong candidate…

Rigorous mathematical proofs of the security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV QKD) have been obtained recently. Unfortunately, these security proofs rely on assumptions that are hardly met in experimental practice. Here I…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-01 Cosmo Lupo

Over the last decades, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) has risen as a promising solution for secure communications. However, like all cryptographic protocols, QKD implementations can open security vulnerabilities. Until now, the study of…

The continuous-variable version of quantum key distribution (QKD) offers the advantages (over discrete-variable systems) of higher secret key rates in metropolitan areas as well as the use of standard telecom components that can operate at…

Several fundamental issues in establishing security in continuous variable quantum key distribution are discussed, in particular on reverse reconciliation and security under heterodyne attack. It appears difficult to derive quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-11 Horace P. Yuen

With the advent of quantum computing, the increasing threats to security poses a great challenge to communication networks. Recent innovations in this field resulted in promising technologies such as Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), which…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Ane Sanz , Asier Atutxa , David Franco , Jasone Astorga , Eduardo Jacob , Diego López

The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Quantum key distribution (QKD) which enables information-theoretically security is now heading towards quantum secure networks. It requires high-performance and cost-effective protocols while increasing the number of users. Unfortunately,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-07 Yiming Bian , Yi-Chen Zhang , Chao Zhou , Song Yu , Zhengyu Li , Hong Guo

We consider the security of a system of quantum key distribution (QKD) using only practical devices. Currently, attenuated laser pulses are widely used and considered to be the most practical light source. For the receiver of photons,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Masato Koashi

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols enable two distant parties to communicate with information-theoretically proven secrecy. However, these protocols are generally vulnerable to potential mismatches between the physical modeling and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-22 Corentin Lanore , Xavier Valcarce , Jean Etesse , Anthony Martin , Jean-Daniel Bancal

Network-centric quantum communications (NQC) - a new, scalable instantiation of quantum cryptography providing key management with forward security for lightweight encryption, authentication and digital signatures in optical networks - is…

Quantum key distribution (QKD offers a long-term solution to establish information-theoretically secure keys between two distant users. In practice, with a careful characterization of quantum sources and the decoy-state method,…

Existing security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) suffer from two fundamental weaknesses. First, memory attacks have emerged as an important threat to the security of even device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-14 Marcos Curty , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information-theoretic security based on the laws of quantum mechanics. The desire to reduce costs and increase robustness in real-world applications has motivated the study of coexistence between QKD…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a technology that allows secure key exchange between two distant users. A widespread adoption of QKD requires the development of simple, low-cost, and stable systems. However, implementation of the current…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-12 Di Ma , Xin Liu , Chunfeng Huang , Huasheng Chen , Huanbin Lin , Kejin Wei