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A/B tests, also known as randomized controlled experiments (RCTs), are the gold standard for evaluating the impact of new policies, products, or decisions. However, these tests can be costly in terms of time and resources, potentially…

Effective decision making from randomised controlled clinical trials relies on robust interpretation of the numerical results. However, the language we use to describe clinical trials can cause confusion both in trial design and in…

Self-testing refers to the possibility of characterizing uniquely (up to local isometries) the state and measurements contained in quantum devices, based only on the observed input-output statistics. Already in the basic case of the…

We consider a variant of sequential testing by betting where, at each time step, the statistician is presented with multiple data sources (arms) and obtains data by choosing one of the arms. We consider the composite global null hypothesis…

Statistical methods are based on model assumptions, and it is statistical folklore that a method's model assumptions should be checked before applying it. This can be formally done by running one or more misspecification tests of model…

We propose a virtual clinical trial for assessing the safety and efficacy of closed-loop diabetes treatments prior to an actual clinical trial. Such virtual trials enable rapid and risk-free pretrial testing of algorithms, and they can be…

We study the problem of multiple hypothesis testing for multidimensional data when inter-correlations are present. The problem of multiple comparisons is common in many applications. When the data is multivariate and correlated, existing…

Cluster randomized trials are widely used when individual randomization is logistically infeasible or when correlations between observations cannot be ignored, especially in fields such as ophthalmology, infectious disease, vaccine…

For testing two random vectors for independence, we consider testing whether the distance of one vector from a center point is independent from the distance of the other vector from a center point by a univariate test. In this paper we…

The problem of simultaneously testing the marginal distributions of sequentially monitored, independent data streams is considered. The decisions for the various testing problems can be made at different times, using data from all streams,…

System modeling is a classical approach to ensure their reliability since it is suitable both for a formal verification and for software testing techniques. In the context of model-based testing an approach combining random testing and…

As the meta-analysis of more than one diagnostic tests can impact clinical decision making and patient health, there is an increasing body of research in models and methods for meta-analysis of studies comparing multiple diagnostic tests.…

We give an overview of different types of entanglement that can be generated in experiments, as well as of various protocols that can be used to verify or quantify entanglement. We propose several criteria that, we argue, should be applied…

If only limited control over a multiparticle quantum system is available, a viable method to characterize correlations is to perform random measurements and consider the moments of the resulting probability distribution. We present…

Software testing research has traditionally relied on closed-world assumptions, such as finite state spaces, reproducible executions, and stable test oracles. However, many modern software systems operate under uncertainty, non-determinism,…

Evaluating intervention effects on multiple outcomes is a central research goal in a wide range of quantitative sciences. It is thereby common to compare interventions among each other and with a control across several, potentially highly…

Commonly, the comparisons of treatment groups versus a control is performed for location effects only where possible scale effects are considered as disturbing. Sometimes scale effects are also relevant, as a kind of early indicator for…

Multivariate (average) equivalence testing is widely used to assess whether the means of two conditions of interest are `equivalent' for different outcomes simultaneously. The multivariate Two One-Sided Tests (TOST) procedure is typically…

In oncology, phase II or multiple expansion cohort trials are crucial for clinical development plans. This is because they aid in identifying potent agents with sufficient activity to continue development and confirm the proof of concept.…

The increasing interest in subpopulation analysis has led to the development of various new trial designs and analysis methods in the fields of personalized medicine and targeted therapies. In this paper, subpopulations are defined in terms…