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Unsupervised machine learning methods can be of great help in many traditional engineering disciplines, where huge amount of labeled data is not readily available or is extremely difficult or costly to generate. Two specific examples…
The development of high-performance materials for microelectronics, energy storage, and extreme environments depends on our ability to describe and direct property-defining microstructural order. Our present understanding is typically…
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Tomography is a widely used tool for analyzing microstructures in three dimensions (3D). The analysis, however, faces difficulty because the constituent materials produce similar grey-scale values. Sometimes, this prompts the image…
Fiber-reinforced ceramic-matrix composites are advanced materials resistant to high temperatures, with application to aerospace engineering. Their analysis depends on the detection of embedded fibers, with semi-supervised techniques usually…
Regular monitoring of the primary particles and purity profiles of a drug product during development and manufacturing processes is essential for manufacturers to avoid product variability and contamination. Transmission electron microscopy…
Crystallization is a key step in macromolecular structure determination by crystallography. While a robust theoretical treatment of the process is available, due to the complexity of the system, the experimental process is still largely one…
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. However, the experimental determination of miRNA sequence and structure is both expensive and time-consuming.…
A growing need exists for efficient and accurate methods for detecting defects in semiconductor materials and devices. These defects can have a detrimental impact on the efficiency of the manufacturing process, because they cause critical…
3D microstructural datasets are commonly used to define the geometrical domains used in finite element modelling. This has proven a useful tool for understanding how complex material systems behave under applied stresses, temperatures and…
Foraminifera are single-celled marine organisms, which may have a planktic or benthic lifestyle. During their life cycle they construct shells consisting of one or more chambers, and these shells remain as fossils in marine sediments.…
Ultrafast diffraction imaging is a powerful tool to retrieve the geometric structure of gas-phase molecules with combined picometre spatial and attosecond temporal resolution. However, structural retrieval becomes progressively difficult…
Cell boundary information is crucial for analyzing cell behaviors from time-lapse microscopy videos. Existing supervised cell segmentation tools, such as ImageJ, require tuning various parameters and rely on restrictive assumptions about…
Protein function is inherently linked to its localization within the cell, and fluorescent microscopy data is an indispensable resource for learning representations of proteins. Despite major developments in molecular representation…
Endomicroscopy is an emerging imaging modality, that facilitates the acquisition of in vivo, in situ optical biopsies, assisting diagnostic and potentially therapeutic interventions. While there is a diverse and constantly expanding range…
Large medical imaging data sets are becoming increasingly available, but ensuring sample quality without significant artefacts is challenging. Existing methods for identifying imperfections in medical imaging rely on data-intensive…