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A technique is presented for producing synthetic images from numerical simulations whereby the image resolution is adapted around prominent features. In so doing, adaptive image ray-tracing (AIR) improves the efficiency of a calculation by…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 E. R. Parkin

According to the theory of general relativity, the relative acceleration of masses generates gravitational radiation. Although gravitational radiation has not yet been detected, it is believed that extremely violent cosmic events, such as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Douglas N. Arnold , Arup Mukherjee , Luc Pouly

We study black hole imaging in the context of geometrically thick accretion disks in Schwarzschild spacetime. By decomposing the emitting region into a set of one-dimensional luminous segments, each characterized by its inclination angle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-16 Zi-Liang Wang

We investigate the origin of the elliptical ring structure observed in the images of the supermassive black hole M87*, aiming to disentangle contributions from gravitational, astrophysical, and imaging effects. Leveraging the enhanced…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-16 Rohan Dahale , Ilje Cho , Kotaro Moriyama , Kaj Wiik , Paul Tiede , José L. Gómez , Chi-kwan Chan , Roman Gold , Vadim Y. Bernshteyn , Marianna Foschi , Britton Jeter , Hung-Yi Pu , Boris Georgiev , Abhishek V. Joshi , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Iniyan Natarajan , Avery E. Broderick , León D. S. Salas , Koushik Chatterjee , Kazunori Akiyama , Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz , Antxon Alberdi , Walter Alef , Juan Carlos Algaba , Richard Anantua , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , Uwe Bach , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , David Ball , Mislav Baloković , Bidisha Bandyopadhyay , John Barrett , Michi Bauböck , Bradford A. Benson , Dan Bintley , Lindy Blackburn , Raymond Blundell , Katherine L. Bouman , Geoffrey C. Bower , Michael Bremer , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Sandra Bustamante , Douglas Ferreira Carlos , John E. Carlstrom , Andrew Chael , Dominic O. Chang , Shami Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Xiaopeng Cheng , Pierre Christian , Nicholas S. Conroy , John E. Conway , Thomas M. Crawford , Geoffrey B. Crew , Yuzhu Cui , Brandon Curd , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Roger Deane , Jessica Dempsey , Gregory Desvignes , Jason Dexter , Vedant Dhruv , Indu K. Dihingia , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Sergio A. Dzib , Ralph P. Eatough , Razieh Emami , Heino Falcke , Joseph Farah , Vincent L. Fish , Edward Fomalont , H. Alyson Ford , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , William T. Freeman , Per Friberg , Christian M. Fromm , Antonio Fuentes , Peter Galison , Charles F. Gammie , Roberto García , Olivier Gentaz , Gertie Geertsema , Ciriaco Goddi , Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz , Minfeng Gu , Mark Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Daryl Haggard , Ronald Hesper , Dirk Heumann , Luis C. Ho , Paul Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Shiro Ikeda , C. M. Violette Impellizzeri , Makoto Inoue , Sara Issaoun , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Michael Janssen , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales , Michael D. Johnson , Svetlana Jorstad , Adam C. Jones , Taehyun Jung , Ramesh Karuppusamy , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Dong-Jin Kim , Jae-Young Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Junhan Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Prashant Kocherlakota , Yutaro Kofuji , Patrick M. Koch , Shoko Koyama , Carsten Kramer , Joana A. Kramer , Michael Kramer , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Noemi La Bella , Sang-Sung Lee , Aviad Levis , Zhiyuan Li , Rocco Lico , Greg Lindahl , Michael Lindqvist , Mikhail Lisakov , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Ping Lo , Andrei P. Lobanov , Laurent Loinard , Colin J. Lonsdale , Amy E. Lowitz , Ru-Sen Lu , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Jirong Mao , Nicola Marchili , Sera Markoff , Daniel P. Marrone , Alan P. Marscher , Iván Martí-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Lynn D. Matthews , Lia Medeiros , Karl M. Menten , Izumi Mizuno , Yosuke Mizuno , Joshua Montgomery , James M. Moran , Monika Moscibrodzka , Wanga Mulaudzi , Cornelia Müller , Hendrik Müller , Alejandro Mus , Gibwa Musoke , Ioannis Myserlis , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Dhanya G. Nair , Masanori Nakamura , Gopal Narayanan , Antonios Nathanail , Santiago Navarro Fuentes , Joey Neilsen , Chunchong Ni , Michael A. Nowak , Junghwan Oh , Hiroki Okino , Héctor Raúl Olivares Sánchez , Tomoaki Oyama , Feryal Özel , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Georgios Filippos Paraschos , Jongho Park , Harriet Parsons , Nimesh Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Dominic W. Pesce , Vincent Piétu , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Oliver Porth , Ben Prather , Giacomo Principe , Dimitrios Psaltis , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark G. Rawlings , Luciano Rezzolla , Angelo Ricarte , Bart Ripperda , Jan Röder , Freek Roelofs , Cristina Romero-Cañizales , Eduardo Ros , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Ignacio Ruiz , Chet Ruszczyk , Kazi L. J. Rygl , Salvador Sánchez , David Sánchez-Argüelles , Miguel Sánchez-Portal , Mahito Sasada , Kaushik Satapathy , Saurabh , Tuomas Savolainen , F. Peter Schloerb , Jonathan Schonfeld , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Lijing Shao , Zhiqiang Shen , Sasikumar Silpa , Des Small , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , Kamal Souccar , Joshua S. Stanway , He Sun , Fumie Tazaki , Alexandra J. Tetarenko , Remo P. J. Tilanus , Michael Titus , Kenji Toma , Pablo Torne , Teresa Toscano , Efthalia Traianou , Tyler Trent , Sascha Trippe , Matthew Turk , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Jesse Vos , Jan Wagner , Derek Ward-Thompson , John Wardle , Jasmin E. Washington , Jonathan Weintroub , Robert Wharton , Maciek Wielgus , Gunther Witzel , Michael F. Wondrak , George N. Wong , Qingwen Wu , Nitika Yadlapalli , Paul Yamaguchi , Aristomenis Yfantis , Doosoo Yoon , André Young , Ziri Younsi , Wei Yu , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , Ai-Ling Zeng , J. Anton Zensus , Shuo Zhang , Guang-Yao Zhao , Shan-Shan Zhao

The projection effect of an anisotropic accretion disk causes its electromagnetic radiation to depend on the emission angle. Although this dependency has the potential to influence the observational characteristics of black holes, it has…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-10 Dan Li , Shiyang Hu , Chen Deng , Xin Wu

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has produced images of two supermassive black holes, Messier~87* (M 87*) and Sagittarius~A* (Sgr A*). The EHT collaboration used these images to indirectly constrain black hole parameters by calibrating…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-30 Daniel C. M Palumbo , Zachary Gelles , Paul Tiede , Dominic O. Chang , Dominic W. Pesce , Andrew Chael , Michael D. Johnson

In recent years, unprecedented progress has been achieved regarding black holes' observation through the electromagnetic channel. The images of the supermassive black holes M87$^{*}$ and Sgr A$^{*}$ released by the Event Horizon Telescope…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-11 Songbai Chen , Jiliang Jing , Wei-Liang Qian , Bin Wang

Recently the Event Horizon Telescope observed black holes at event horizon scales for the first time, enabling us to now test the existence of event horizons. Although event horizons have by definition no observable features, one can look…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-18 Joost de Kleuver , Thomas Bronzwaer , Heino Falcke , Ramesh Narayan , Yosuke Mizuno , Oliver Porth , Hector Olivares

Accreting supermassive black hole binaries are powerful multimessenger sources emitting both gravitational and EM radiation. Understanding the accretion dynamics of these systems and predicting their distinctive EM signals is crucial to…

Interpreting horizon-scale black hole images currently relies on computationally intensive General Relativistic Ray Tracing (GRRT) simulations, which pose a significant bottleneck for rapid parameter exploration and high-precision tests of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-16 Ao Liu , Xudong Zhang , Lin Ding , Cuihong Wen , Wentao Liu , Jieci Wang

Light orbiting an accreting black hole may impact the disk or jet multiple times before escaping to the observer, at a variety of angles with respect to the local magnetic field. In this letter, we characterize the imprints of these long…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-07 Daniel C. M. Palumbo , George N. Wong , Angelo Ricarte

The images of the supermassive black holes Sgr A* and M87* by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration mark a special milestone in the history of the subject. For the first time we are able to see the shadow of black holes, testing…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-08-02 Heino Falcke

Black-hole perturbation theory is a useful tool to investigate issues in astrophysics, high-energy physics, and fundamental problems in gravity. It is often complementary to fully-fledged nonlinear evolutions and instrumental to interpret…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-09-10 Paolo Pani

A new image-reconstruction algorithm, PRIMO, applied to the interferometric data of the M87 black hole collected with the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), resulted in an image that reached the native resolution of the telescope array. PRIMO…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-21 Dimitrios Psaltis , Feryal Ozel , Lia Medeiros , Tod R. Lauer

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a project to assemble a Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) network of mm wavelength dishes that can resolve strong field General Relativistic signatures near a supermassive black hole. As planned,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Ru-Sen Lu , Avery E. Broderick , Fabien Baron , John D. Monnier , Vincent L. Fish , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Victor Pankratius

X-ray reflection spectroscopy is currently one of the leading techniques for studying the inner part of accretion disks around black holes, measuring black hole spins, and even testing fundamental physics in strong gravitational fields.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-14 Swarnim Shashank , Shafqat Riaz , Askar B. Abdikamalov , Cosimo Bambi

Inspired by the observations of supermassive black hole M87* in \emph{Event Horizon Telescope }(EHT) experiment, a remarkable surge in black hole physics is to use the black hole shadow's observables to distinguish general relativity (GR)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-20 Yuan Meng , Xiao-Mei Kuang , Zi-Yu Tang

Images of supermassive black hole accretion flows contain features of both curved spacetime and plasma structure. Inferring properties of the spacetime from images requires modeling the plasma properties, and vice versa. The Event Horizon…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-09 Daniel C. M. Palumbo , George N. Wong , Andrew A. Chael , Michael D. Johnson

Detailed observations of phenomena involving black holes, be it via gravitational waves or more traditional electromagnetic means, can probe the strong field regime of the gravitational interaction. The prediction of features in such…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-19 Andrew Sullivan , Nicolás Yunes , Thomas P. Sotiriou

Polarized general-relativistic radiative transfer in the vicinity of black holes and other compact objects has become a crucial tool for probing the properties of relativistic astrophysics plasmas. Instruments like GRAVITY, the Event…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-01 N. Aimar , T. Paumard , F. H. Vincent , E. Gourgoulhon , G. Perrin
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