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The Event Horizon Telescope Consortium is on the verge to provide the first telescopic image of massive black holes SgrA* and M87* surrounded by accretion disks, at a resolution scale comparable to the size of their event horizons. Well…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-03-01 Jean-Pierre Luminet

Using general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of accreting black holes, we show that a suitable subtraction of the linear polarization per pixel from total intensity images can enhance the photon ring features. We find that the…

We introduce a new library of 535,194 model images of the supermassive black holes and Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) targets Sgr A* and M87*, computed by performing general relativistic radiative transfer calculations on general…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-22 Richard Qiu , Angelo Ricarte , Ramesh Narayan , George N. Wong , Andrew Chael , Daniel Palumbo

Electromagnetic observations have been used over the past decades to understand the nature of black holes and the material around them. Our ability to learn about the fundamental physics relies on our understanding of two key ingredients in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-24 Alejandro Cardenas-Avendano , Jaxen Godfrey , Nicolas Yunes , Anne Lohfink

(Abridged) We here continue our effort to model the behaviour of matter when orbiting or accreting onto a generic black hole by developing a new numerical code employing advanced techniques geared solve the equations of in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-02-01 Zakaria Meliani , Yosuke Mizuno , Hector Olivares , Oliver Porth , Luciano Rezzolla , Ziri Younsi

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has produced images of the plasma flow around the supermassive black holes in Sgr A* and M87* with a resolution comparable to the projected size of their event horizons. Observations with the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-15 Andrew Chael , Sara Issaoun , Dominic W. Pesce , Michael D. Johnson , Angelo Ricarte , Christian M. Fromm , Yosuke Mizuno

Accretion disc model fitting to optical/UV quasar spectra requires that the highest mass black holes have the highest spin, with implications on the hierarchical growth of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies over cosmic time.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-21 Scott Hagen , Chris Done

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), a global sub-millimeter wavelength very long baseline interferometry array, is now resolving the innermost regions around the supermassive black holes Sgr A* and M87. Using black hole images from both…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Angelo Ricarte , Jason Dexter

We apply image moment invariant analysis to total intensity and polarimetric images calculated from general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of accreting black holes. We characterize different properties of the models in our…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-23 A. Jiménez-Rosales , A. I. Yfantis , M. A. Mościbrodzka , J. Dexter

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration has recently published the first horizon-scale images of the supermassive black holes M87* and Sgr A* and provided some first information on the physical conditions in their vicinity. The…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-20 Kotaro Moriyama , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Yosuke Mizuno , Christian M. Fromm , Antonios Nathanail , Luciano Rezzolla

Originally developed to image the shadow region of the central black hole in Sagittarius A* and in the nearby galaxy M87, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) provides deep, very high angular resolution data on other AGN sources too. The…

Black holes in general relativity are characterized by their trapping horizon, a one-way membrane that can be crossed only inwards. The existence of trapping horizons in astrophysical black holes can be tested observationally using a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-27 Raúl Carballo-Rubio , Pawan Kumar , Wenbin Lu

Since the development of Relativity theory, a variety of solutions have been found around Einstein field equations, depending on the time-space. For instance, we can find the axially symmetric space which describes a rotanting black hole.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-09-08 Jonathan Pineda , Leonardo Castañeda , Juan Manuel Tejeiro

X-ray reflection spectroscopy has evolved as one of the leading methods to measure black hole spins. However, the question is whether its measurements are subjected to systematic biases, especially considering the possible discrepancy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-23 Swarnim Shashank , Askar B. Abdikamalov , Honghui Liu , Abdurakhmon Nosirov , Cosimo Bambi , Indu K. Dihingia , Yosuke Mizuno

Within quantum-gravity approaches and beyond, different mechanisms for singularity resolution in black holes exist. Under a set of assumptions that we spell out in detail, these mechanisms leave their imprint in shadow images of spherically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-01 Astrid Eichhorn , Aaron Held , Philipp-Vincent Johannsen

We present a full 360 degree (i.e., 4$\pi$ steradian) general-relativistic ray-tracing and radiative transfer calculations of accreting supermassive black holes. We perform state-of-the-art three-dimensional general relativistic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-21 Jordy Davelaar , Thomas Bronzwaer , Daniel Kok , Ziri Younsi , Monika Mościbrodzka , Heino Falcke

We present a black hole effect by strategically leveraging a conformal mapping in elastic continuum with curved-space framework, which is less stringent compared to a Schwarzschild model transformed to isotropic refractive index profiles.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Dongwoo Lee , Yiran Hao , Jeonghoon Park , Yaxi Shen , Jensen Li , Junsuk Rho

Using very long baseline interferometry, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration has resolved the shadows of two supermassive black holes. Model comparison is traditionally performed in image space, where imaging algorithms…

Over the last decades X-ray spectroscopy has proven to be a powerful tool for the estimation of black hole spin and several other key parameters in dozens of AGN and black hole X-ray binaries. In this White Paper, we discuss the…

With unprecedented angular resolution, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has opened a new era of black holes. We have previously calculated the expected polarization images of M87* with the EHT observations in mind. There, we demonstrated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-07 Yuh Tsunetoe , Shin Mineshige , Ken Ohsuga , Tomohisa Kawashima , Kazunori Akiyama