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Objective: To develop and validate an independent Monet Carlo dose calculation engine to support for software verification of treatment planning systems and quality assurance workflow. Method: GATE Monte Carlo toolkit was employed to…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-07-27 A. Asadi , A. Akhavanallaf , S. A. Hosseini , N. vosoughi , H. Zaidi

In this study, two proton beam delivery designs, passive scattering proton therapy (PSPT) and pencil beam scanning (PBS), were quantitatively compared in terms of dosimetric indices. The GATE Monte Carlo code was used to simulate the proton…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-09-21 A. Asadi , A. Akhavanallaf , S. A. Hosseini , H. Zaidi

Treatment delivery is largely determined by capabilities of the beam delivery system (BDS), where faster delivery can have many potential benefits including improved dosimetric quality, utility, cost effectiveness, patient throughput and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Jacinta Yap , Adam Steinberg , Hannah Norman , Konrad Nesteruk , Suzie Sheehy

Proton therapy is a cancer treatment technique currently in growth worldwide. It offers advantages with respect to conventional X-ray and $\gamma$-ray radiotherapy, in particular, a better control of the dose deposition allowing to reach a…

Proton therapy exploits the finite range of charged particles in tissue to achieve dose distributions no photon based modality can replicate. Yet the modality reaches fewer than 1 percent of patients who might benefit a gap rooted in cost…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Vivek Maradia , Martin Bues

Using the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) linac as the injector, a 500 MeV proton synchrotron is proposed for multidisciplinary application, such as biology, material and proton therapy. The synchrotron will deliver proton beam with…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Liang-Sheng Huang , Sheng Wang , Hong-Fei Ji

Advanced linear accelerator design may use Optical Transition Radiation (OTR) screens to measure beam spot size; for instance, such screens are foreseen in plasma based accelerators (EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB) or Compton machines (Gamma Beam…

An electron plasma lens is a cost-effective, compact, strong-focusing element that can ensure efficient capture of low-energy proton and ion beams from laser-driven sources. A Gabor lens prototype was built for high electron density…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2021-05-13 T. Nonnenmacher , T. S. Dascalu , R. Bingham , C. L. Cheung , H. T. Lau , K. R. Long , J. Pozimski , C. Whyte

The advanced imaging and delivery techniques in proton therapy allow conformal high-dose irradiation of the target volume with high accuracy using pencil beam scanning or beam shaping apertures. These irradiation methods increasingly…

Proton therapy provides superior dose conformity compared with photon radiotherapy, concentrating radiation within the tumor while sparing adjacent healthy tissue. This advantage has been most effectively realized for static tumors in…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Vivek Maradia , Nick Yue , Adam Molzahn , Jingqian Wang , Mark Pankuch , Serdar Charyyev , Billy W. Loo

Given the sensitivity of proton therapy to anatomical variations, this cancer treatment modality is expected to benefit greatly from integration with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. One of the obstacles hindering such an integration are…

Recent developments for the delivery of proton and ion beam therapy have been significant, and a number of technological solutions now exist for the creation and utilisation of these particles for the treatment of cancer. In this paper we…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Hywel Owen , David Holder , Jose Alonso , Ranald MacKay

Theranostics, the combination of diagnosis and therapy, has long held promise as a means to achieving personalised precision cancer treatments. However, despite its potential, theranostics has yet to realise significant clinical…

Purpose: The FLASH effect, which reduces the radiosensitivity of healthy tissue while maintaining tumor control at high dose rates, has shown potential for improving radiation therapy. Conformal FLASH proton therapy involves advanced…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-04-13 Sylvain Deffet , Edmond Sterpin

We present a full-scale clinical prototype system for in vivo range verification of proton pencil-beams using the prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy method. The detection system consists of eight LaBr3 scintillators and a tungsten collimator,…

Laser-accelerated protons have a great potential for innovative experiments in radiation biology due to the sub-picosecond pulse duration and high dose rate achievable. However, the broad angular divergence makes them not optimal for…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-11-13 Marco Cavallone , Alessandro Flacco , Victor Malka

Purpose: Beam angle selection is critical in proton therapy treatment planning, yet automated approaches remain underexplored. This study presents and evaluates GAMBAS, a novel, fast machine learning model for automatic beam angle…

Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage, a very efficient technique for manipulating a quantum system based on the adiabatic theorem, is analyzed in the case where the manipulated physical system is interacting with a spin bath. Exploitation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-21 Benedetto Militello , Anna Napoli

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and hypofractionation using pencil-beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy (PBSPT) is an attractive option for thoracic malignancies. Combining the advantages of target coverage conformity and critical…

The current program at Fermilab involves the construction of a new superconducting linear accelerator (LINAC) to replace the existing warm version. The new LINAC, together with other planned improvements, is in support of proton beam…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2023-10-03 R. Thurman-Keup , T. Folan , M. Mwaniki , S. Sas-Pawlik