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Related papers: Improving Bayesian estimation of Vaccine Efficacy

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Since the Covid-19 pandemic is a global threat to health that few can fully escape, it has given a unique opportunity to study international reactions to a common problem. Such reactions can be partly obtained from public posts to Twitter,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Mike Thelwall

Two new Bayesian methods for estimating and predicting in-game home team win probabilities are proposed. The first method has a prior that adjusts as a function of lead differential and time elapsed. The second is an adjusted version of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-26 Jason Maddox , Ryan Sides , Jane Harvill

Scientific researchers utilize randomized experiments to draw casual statements. Most early studies as well as current work on experiments with sequential intervention decisions has been focusing on estimating the causal effects among…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-27 Jingying Zeng

The estimation of heterogeneous treatment effects in the potential outcome setting is biased when there exists model misspecification or unobserved confounding. As these biases are unobservable, what model to use when remains a critical…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-09 Shonosuke Sugasawa , Kosaku Takanashi , Kenichiro McAlinn , Edoardo M. Airoldi

A Bayesian network is a widely used probabilistic graphical model with applications in knowledge discovery and prediction. Learning a Bayesian network (BN) from data can be cast as an optimization problem using the well-known…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Zhenyu A. Liao , Charupriya Sharma , James Cussens , Peter van Beek

Differing opinions about COVID-19 have led to various online discourses regarding vaccines. Due to the detrimental effects and the scale of the COVID-19 pandemic, detecting vaccine stance has become especially important and is attracting…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Anique Tahir , Lu Cheng , Paras Sheth , Huan Liu

Throughout the different phases of a drug development program, randomized trials are used to establish the tolerability, safety, and efficacy of a candidate drug. At each stage one aims to optimize the design of future studies by…

Applications · Statistics 2021-02-08 Sebastian Weber , Andrew Gelman , Daniel Lee , Michael Betancourt , Aki Vehtari , Amy Racine

In this paper, we adopt a Bayesian point of view for predicting real continuous-time processes. We give two equivalent definitions of a Bayesian predictor and study some properties: admissibility, prediction sufficiency, non-unbiasedness,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-31 Delphine Blanke , Denis Bosq

The development of a new diagnostic test ideally follows a sequence of stages which, amongst other aims, evaluate technical performance. This includes an analytical validity study, a diagnostic accuracy study and an interventional clinical…

The understanding of the public response to COVID-19 vaccines is the key success factor to control the COVID-19 pandemic. To understand the public response, there is a need to explore public opinion. Traditional surveys are expensive and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Amir Karami , Michael Zhu , Bailey Goldschmidt , Hannah R. Boyajieff , Mahdi M. Najafabadi

This report introduces general ideas and some basic methods of the Bayesian probability theory applied to physics measurements. Our aim is to make the reader familiar, through examples rather than rigorous formalism, with concepts such as:…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-10 G. D'Agostini

Re-randomization has gained popularity as a tool for experiment-based causal inference due to its superior covariate balance and statistical efficiency compared to classic randomized experiments. However, the basic re-randomization method,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-20 Zhaoyang Liu , Tingxuan Han , Donald B. Rubin , Ke Deng

Historical data about disease outcomes can be integrated into the analysis of clinical trials in many ways. We build on existing literature that uses prognostic scores from a predictive model to increase the efficiency of treatment effect…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-25 David Walsh , Alejandro Schuler , Diana Hall , Jon Walsh , Charles Fisher

Bayesian predictive probabilities are commonly used for interim monitoring of clinical trials through efficacy and futility stopping rules. Despite their usefulness, calculation of predictive probabilities, particularly in pre-experiment…

Applications · Statistics 2024-06-18 Joe Marion , Liz Lorenzi , Cora Allen-Savietta , Scott Berry , Kert Viele

The advent and subsequent widespread availability of preventive vaccines has altered the course of public health over the past century. Despite this success, effective vaccines to prevent many high-burden diseases, including HIV, have been…

The problem of adaptive sampling for estimating probability mass functions (pmf) uniformly well is considered. Performance of the sampling strategy is measured in terms of the worst-case mean squared error. A Bayesian variant of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-09 Dhruva Kartik , Neeraj Sood , Urbashi Mitra , Tara Javidi

A nonparametric Bayesian approach is developed to determine quantum potentials from empirical data for quantum systems at finite temperature. The approach combines the likelihood model of quantum mechanics with a priori information over…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 J. C. Lemm , J. Uhlig , A. Weiguny

In this paper, we estimate the seroprevalence against COVID-19 by country and derive the seroprevalence over the world. To estimate seroprevalence, we use serological surveys (also called the serosurveys) conducted within each country. When…

Applications · Statistics 2022-02-01 Kwangmin Lee , Seongmin Kim , Seongil Jo , Jaeyong Lee

The problem of optimal dosage estimation arises in diverse scientific domains, from pharmacology and toxicology to aquaculture and environmental studies. Statistical modeling of nonlinear dose-response relationships is essential to quantify…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-08 Aliaksandr Hubin , Åshild Krogdahl , Guro Løkka , Trond M. Kortner

In small area estimation, it is sometimes necessary to use model-based methods to produce estimates in areas with little or no data. In official statistics, we often require that some aggregate of small area estimates agree with a national…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-31 Taylor Okonek , Jon Wakefield