Related papers: Detecting Spurious Correlations with Sanity Tests …
Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have significant potential to enable effective, robust and automated image phenotyping including identification of subtle patterns. AI-based detection searches the image space to find the regions of…
Dental panoramic radiographs (DPRs) are widely used in clinical practice for comprehensive oral assessment but present challenges due to overlapping structures and time constraints in interpretation. This study aimed to establish a solid…
In the last years, AI systems, in particular neural networks, have seen a tremendous increase in performance, and they are now used in a broad range of applications. Unlike classical symbolic AI systems, neural networks are trained using…
Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated strong potential in clinical diagnostics, often achieving accuracy comparable to or exceeding that of human experts. A key challenge, however, is that AI reasoning frequently diverges from…
The accuracy of coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnosis is dependent on a variety of factors, including demographic, symptom, and medical examination, ECG, and echocardiography data, among others. In this context, artificial intelligence…
As AI systems become more advanced and widely deployed, there will likely be increasing debate over whether AI systems could have conscious experiences, desires, or other states of potential moral significance. It is important to inform…
For safety, medical AI systems undergo thorough evaluations before deployment, validating their predictions against a ground truth which is assumed to be fixed and certain. However, this ground truth is often curated in the form of…
The benefits of artificial intelligence (AI) human partnerships-evaluating how AI agents enhance expert human performance-are increasingly studied. Though rarely evaluated in healthcare, an inverse approach is possible: AI benefiting from…
Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems for chest radiographs using artificial intelligence (AI) have recently shown a great potential as a second opinion for radiologists. The performances of such systems, however, were mostly evaluated on…
Purpose: Most studies evaluating artificial intelligence (AI) models that detect abnormalities in neuroimaging are either tested on unrepresentative patient cohorts or are insufficiently well-validated, leading to poor generalisability to…
Real-time computer-aided diagnosis using artificial intelligence (AI), with images, can help oncologists diagnose cancer with high accuracy and in an early phase. We reviewed real-time AI-based analyzed images for decision-making in…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents opportunities to develop tools and techniques for addressing some of the major global challenges and deliver solutions with significant social and economic impacts. The application of AI has…
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool to enhance decision-making and optimize treatment protocols in in vitro fertilization (IVF). In particular, AI shows significant promise in supporting decision-making during the…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is starting to transform the research process as we know it by automating the discovery of new solutions. Given a task, the typical AI-driven approach is (i) to generate a set of diverse solutions, and then (ii)…
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Survival largely depends on tumor stage at diagnosis, and early detection with low-dose CT can significantly reduce mortality in…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications are being used to predict and assess behaviour in multiple domains, such as criminal justice and consumer finance, which directly affect human well-being. However, if AI is to improve people's…
Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed various sectors, including healthcare, where it holds the potential to revolutionize clinical practice and improve patient outcomes. However, its integration into medical settings brings…
With the advance of deep learning, much progress has been made in building powerful artificial intelligence (AI) systems for automatic Chest X-ray (CXR) analysis. Most existing AI models are trained to be a binary classifier with the aim of…
The growing adoption of artificial intelligence in healthcare has raised concerns about the transparency and trustworthiness of AI-driven medical diagnosis systems. Many existing models operate as black boxes, limiting clinicians' ability…
Artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved considerably in the last few years. While applications of AI is now becoming more common in fields like retail and marketing, application of AI in solving problems related to developing countries is…