Related papers: Extrusion of chromatin loops by a composite loop e…
Cell crawling requires the generation of intracellular forces by the cytoskeleton and their transmission to an extracellular substrate through specific adhesion molecules. Crawling cells show many features of excitable systems, such as…
Multiple loop formation in polymer macromolecules is an important feature of the chromatin organization and DNA compactification in the nuclei. We analyze the size and shape characteristics of complex polymer structures, containing in…
We deal here with three metastable systems: 1{\textdegree}- the dowser texture, 2{\textdegree}- supertwistedcholesterics and 3{\textdegree}- hypotwisted cholesterics. We outline remarkable properties of tropisms of the dowser texture…
Transposable elements (TEs) constitute a significant portion of eukaryotic genomes, yet their role in chromatin organization remains poorly understood. This study investigates the distribution patterns of TEs around chromatin ligation…
Protein-DNA complexes with loops play a fundamental role in a wide variety of cellular processes, ranging from the regulation of DNA transcription to telomere maintenance. As ubiquitous as they are, their precise in vivo properties and…
Understanding chromatin organization and dynamics is important since they crucially affect DNA functions. In this study, we investigate chromatin dynamics by statistically analyzing single-nucleosome movement in living human cells. Bi-modal…
In Escherichia coli (E. coli), entropic repulsion between the two daughter DNA ring polymers under cylindrical confinement is believed to be an important factor governing chromosomal segregation. The repulsion can be enhanced by topological…
Single molecular magnets (SMMs) and Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) attract significant interest due to their potential in quantum information processing, scalable quantum computing, and extended lifetimes and coherence times. The limiting…
Cooperative action of molecular motors is essential for many cellular processes. One possible regulator of motor coordination is the elasticity-mediated crosstalk (EMC) coupling between myosin II motors whose origin is the tensile stress…
Chromatin is a highly compact and dynamic nuclear structure that consists of DNA and associated proteins. The main organizational unit is the nucleosome, which consists of a histone octamer with DNA wrapped around it. Histone proteins are…
Epigenetics is a driving force of important and ubiquitous phenomena in nature such as cell differentiation or even metamorphosis. Oppositely to its widespread role, understanding the biophysical principles that allow epigenetics to control…
Singlet exciton fission (SEF) is initiated by ultrafast internal conversion of a singlet exciton into a correlated triplet pair (TT)1. The `reaction coordinates' for ultrafast SEF even in archetypal systems such as pentacene thin film…
Loops are essential secondary structure elements in folded DNA and RNA molecules and proliferate close to the melting transition. Using a theory for nucleic acid secondary structures that accounts for the logarithmic entropy c ln m for a…
We made a link between Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM) plasticity and the morphologi cal changes in synapses after synaptic excitation. A recent study by Zhang et al \cite{zhang} showed tha t transmembrane voltage causes movement of the cell…
By means of a minimal physical model, we investigate the interplay of two phase transitions at play in chromatin organization: (1) liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) within the fluid solvating chromatin, resulting in the formation of…
Collective cell migration plays an essential role in vertebrate development, yet the extent to which dynamically changing microenvironments influence this phenomenon remains unclear. Observations of the distribution of the extracellular…
Langevin dynamics is employed to study the looping kinetics of self-avoiding polymers both in ideal and crowded solutions. A rich kinetics results from the competition of two crowding-induced effects: the depletion attraction and the…
Current biophysical models for transcriptionally active chromatin view this as a polymer with sticky sites, mimicking transcription units such as promoters and enhancers which interact via the binding of multivalent complexes of…
Entropic repulsion between DNA ring polymers under confinement is the key mechanism governing the spatial segregation of bacterial chromosomes, although it remains incompletely understood how proteins aid the process of entropic…
The organization of interphase chromosomes in a number of species is starting to emerge thanks to advances in a variety of experimental techniques. However, much less is known about the dynamics, especially in the functional states of…