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Motivated by recent experiments probing shape, size and dynamics of bacterial chromosomes in growing cells, we consider a polymer model consisting of a circular backbone to which side-loops are attached, confined to a cylindrical cell. Such…
Cells crawling through tissues migrate inside a complex fibrous environment called the extracellular matrix (ECM), which provides signals regulating motility. Here we investigate one such well-known pathway, involving mutually antagonistic…
We study the mechanism underlying the attraction between nucleosomes, the fundamental packaging units of DNA inside the chromatin complex. We introduce a simple model of the nucleosome, the eight-tail colloid, consisting of a charged sphere…
We theoretically investigate the hyperfine-induced decoherence in a pair of spin-cluster qubits, consisting of two exchange-coupled heterometallic wheels. We identify two distinct regimes in the decoherence of intermolecular entanglement…
Observations of single epidermal cells on flat adhesive substrates have revealed two distinct morphological and functional states, namely a non-migrating symmetric unpolarized state and a migrating asymmetric polarized state. These states…
We develop a universal approach to the one-loop effective field theory (EFT) using the Covariant Derivative Expansion (CDE) method. We generalise previous results to include broader classes of UV models, showing how expressions previously…
Reconciling the stability of epigenetic patterns with the rapid turnover of histone modifications and their adaptability to external stimuli is an outstanding challenge. Here, we propose a new biophysical mechanism that can establish and…
An optimization scheme using the Cell-based Smoothed Finite Element Method (CS-FEM) combined with a Genetic Algorithm (GA) framework is proposed in this paper to design shape adaptive laminated composite marine propellers. The proposed…
The optoelectronic properties of macromolecular semiconductors depend fundamentally on their solid-state microstructure. For example, the molecular-weight distribution influences polymeric- semiconductor properties via diverse…
The genetic instructions stored in the genome require an additional layer of information to robustly determine cell fate. This additional regulation is provided by the interplay between chromosome-patterning biochemical ("epigenetic") marks…
We show that an ensemble of $^2\Sigma$ molecules in the rotationally ground state trapped on an optical lattice exhibits collective spin excitations that can be controlled by applying superimposed electric and magnetic fields. In…
Nucleosomes organize the folding of DNA into chromatin and significantly influence transcription, replication, regulation and repair. All atom molecular dynamics simulations of a nucleosome and of its 146 basepairs of DNA free in solution…
We present a theoretical model of facilitated diffusion of proteins in the cell nucleus. This model, which takes into account the successive binding/unbinding events of proteins to DNA, relies on a fractal description of the chromatin which…
We track and investigate from white-light data taken with the Wide-field Instrument for Solar PRobe (WISPR) aboard Parker Solar Probe (PSP), localized density enhancements, reflecting small-scale magnetic structures belonging to a…
We present a unified framework for the construction of localized exponential integrators that bypasses the traditional trade-off between the accuracy of global spectral methods and the efficiency of sparse finite differences. By evaluating…
The enterobacteria lambda phage is a paradigm temperate bacteriophage. Its lysogenic and lytic life cycles echo competition between the DNA binding $\lambda$-repressor (CI) and CRO proteins. Here we scrutinize the structure, stability and…
Recent experimental studies have led to the suggestion that short-range correlations may be a major contributor to the nuclear EMC effect. This hypothesis requires that the structure function for nucleons involved in short-range…
Bacterial chromosome replication occurs in the absence of a canonical spindle apparatus; yet it reliably produces organised and segregated genomes. While both passive and active mechanisms have been investigated, DNA replication itself is a…
We employ five {\pi}-conjugated model materials of different molecular shape --- oligomers and cyclic structures --- to investigate the extent of exciton self-trapping and torsional motion of the molecular framework following optical…
Lattice relaxation profoundly reshapes electronic structures in twisted materials. Prevailing treatments, however, typically rely on large-scale density functional theory (DFT), which is computationally costly and mechanistically opaque.…