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As large language models (LLMs) increasingly underpin technological advancements, the privacy of their training data emerges as a critical concern. Differential Privacy (DP) serves as a rigorous mechanism to protect this data, yet its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Liangyu Wang , Junxiao Wang , Jie Ren , Zihang Xiang , David E. Keyes , Di Wang

The tension between data privacy and model utility has become the defining bottleneck for the practical deployment of large language models (LLMs) trained on sensitive corpora including healthcare. Differentially private stochastic gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Afshin Khadangi , Amir Sartipi , Igor Tchappi , Ramin Bahmani , Gilbert Fridgen

We demonstrate a substantial gap between the privacy guarantees of the Adaptive Batch Linear Queries (ABLQ) mechanism under different types of batch sampling: (i) Shuffling, and (ii) Poisson subsampling; the typical analysis of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Lynn Chua , Badih Ghazi , Pritish Kamath , Ravi Kumar , Pasin Manurangsi , Amer Sinha , Chiyuan Zhang

We study gradient descent under linearly correlated noise. Our work is motivated by recent practical methods for optimization with differential privacy (DP), such as DP-FTRL, which achieve strong performance in settings where privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Anastasia Koloskova , Ryan McKenna , Zachary Charles , Keith Rush , Brendan McMahan

Differential privacy (DP) has become the standard for private data analysis. Certain machine learning applications only require privacy protection for specific protected attributes. Using naive variants of differential privacy in such use…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Saeed Mahloujifar , Chuan Guo , G. Edward Suh , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Training large neural networks with meaningful/usable differential privacy security guarantees is a demanding challenge. In this paper, we tackle this problem by revisiting the two key operations in Differentially Private Stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Hanshen Xiao , Jun Wan , Srinivas Devadas

Privacy amplification exploits randomness in data selection to provide tighter differential privacy (DP) guarantees. This analysis is key to DP-SGD's success in machine learning, but, is not readily applicable to the newer state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Christopher A. Choquette-Choo , Arun Ganesh , Thomas Steinke , Abhradeep Thakurta

We train language models (LMs) with federated learning (FL) and differential privacy (DP) in the Google Keyboard (Gboard). We apply the DP-Follow-the-Regularized-Leader (DP-FTRL)~\citep{kairouz21b} algorithm to achieve meaningfully formal…

Training machine learning models based on neural networks requires large datasets, which may contain sensitive information. The models, however, should not expose private information from these datasets. Differentially private SGD [DP-SGD]…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Francisco Aguilera-Martínez , Fernando Berzal

Differential privacy (DP) provides a formal privacy guarantee that prevents adversaries with access to machine learning models from extracting information about individual training points. Differentially private stochastic gradient descent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Jie Fu , Zhili Chen , XinPeng Ling

We provide new lower bounds on the privacy guarantee of the multi-epoch Adaptive Batch Linear Queries (ABLQ) mechanism with shuffled batch sampling, demonstrating substantial gaps when compared to Poisson subsampling; prior analysis was…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Lynn Chua , Badih Ghazi , Pritish Kamath , Ravi Kumar , Pasin Manurangsi , Amer Sinha , Chiyuan Zhang

Training generative models with differential privacy (DP) typically involves injecting noise into gradient updates or adapting the discriminator's training procedure. As a result, such approaches often struggle with hyper-parameter tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Kristjan Greenewald , Yuancheng Yu , Hao Wang , Kai Xu

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful tool for sequential decision-making, but its application is often hindered by privacy concerns arising from its interaction data. This challenge is particularly acute in advanced networked systems,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Shaojie Bai , Mohammad Sadegh Talebi , Chengcheng Zhao , Peng Cheng , Jiming Chen

Differential privacy (DP) is a popular mechanism for training machine learning models with bounded leakage about the presence of specific points in the training data. The cost of differential privacy is a reduction in the model's accuracy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Eugene Bagdasaryan , Vitaly Shmatikov

Train machine learning models on sensitive user data has raised increasing privacy concerns in many areas. Federated learning is a popular approach for privacy protection that collects the local gradient information instead of real data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Lichao Sun , Jianwei Qian , Xun Chen

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising machine learning paradigm that enables the analyzer to train a model without collecting users' raw data. To ensure users' privacy, differentially private federated learning has been intensively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Ruixuan Liu , Yang Cao , Hong Chen , Ruoyang Guo , Masatoshi Yoshikawa

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradients Descent (DP-SGD) is a prominent paradigm for preserving privacy in deep learning. It ensures privacy by perturbing gradients with random noise calibrated to their entire norm at each training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Yixuan Liu , Li Xiong , Yuhan Liu , Yujie Gu , Ruixuan Liu , Hong Chen

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is broadly considered to be the gold standard for training and fine-tuning neural networks under differential privacy (DP). With the increasing availability of high-quality…

Federated learning (FL) allows clients to collaboratively train a global model without sharing their local data with a server. However, clients' contributions to the server can still leak sensitive information. Differential privacy (DP)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jie Xu , Karthikeyan Saravanan , Rogier van Dalen , Haaris Mehmood , David Tuckey , Mete Ozay

Conventional gradient-sharing approaches for federated learning (FL), such as FedAvg, rely on aggregation of local models and often face performance degradation under differential privacy (DP) mechanisms or data heterogeneity, which can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Hui-Po Wang , Dingfan Chen , Raouf Kerkouche , Mario Fritz