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This article reviews quantitative methods to estimate the basic reproduction number of pandemic influenza, a key threshold quantity to help determine the intensity of interventions required to control the disease. Although it is difficult…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-11-13 Gerardo Chowell , Hiroshi Nishiura

Monitoring the Covid19 pandemic constitutes a critical societal stake that received considerable research efforts. The intensity of the pandemic on a given territory is efficiently measured by the reproduction number, quantifying the rate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Gersende Fort , Barbara Pascal , Patrice Abry , Nelly Pustelnik

Recent years have seen a large amount of interest in epidemics on networks as a way of representing the complex structure of contacts capable of spreading infections through the modern human population. The configuration model is a popular…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-01-23 Frank Ball , Thomas House

In this paper, we continue development of the new epidemiological model HIT, which is suitable for analyzing and predicting the propagation of COVID-19 epidemics. This is a discrete-time model allowing a reconstruction of the dynamics of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-07-24 Yurii Nesterov

In this paper, we propose an SIR spread model in a population network coupled with an infrastructure network that has a pathogen spreading in it. We develop a threshold condition to characterize the monotonicity and peak time of a weighted…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-08 José I. Caiza , Junjie Qin , Philip E. Paré

This paper describes a mathematical model for the spread of a virus through an isolated population of a given size. The model uses three, color-coded components, called molecules (red for infected and still contagious; green for infected,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-01 Neil R. Sheeley

Discrete distributions derived from renewal processes, ie distributions of the number of events by some time t are beginning to be used in econometrics and health sciences. A new fast method is presented for computation of the probabilities…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-10-20 Rose Baker , Tarak Kharrat

Statistical evaluation aims to estimate the generalization performance of a model using held-out i.i.d.\ test data sampled from the ground-truth distribution. In supervised learning settings such as classification, performance metrics such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Shashaank Aiyer , Yishay Mansour , Shay Moran , Han Shao

The rapidly spreading Covid-19 that affected almost all countries, was first reported at the end of 2019. As a consequence of its highly infectious nature, countries all over the world have imposed extremely strict measures to control its…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-13 Semra Ahmetolan , Ayse Humeyra Bilge , Ali Demirci , Ayse Peker-Dobie , Onder Ergonul

We consider a stochastic model of infection spread on the complete graph on $N$ vertices incorporating dynamic partnerships, which we assume to be monogamous. This can be seen as a variation on the contact process in which some form of edge…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-23 Eric Foxall , Roderick Edwards , P. van den Driessche

As COVID-19 is rapidly spreading across the globe, short-term modeling forecasts provide time-critical information for decisions on containment and mitigation strategies. A main challenge for short-term forecasts is the assessment of key…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-17 Jonas Dehning , Johannes Zierenberg , F. Paul Spitzner , Michael Wibral , Joao Pinheiro Neto , Michael Wilczek , Viola Priesemann

During the COVID-19 pandemic, different countries, regions, and communities constructed various epidemic models to evaluate spreading behaviors and assist in making mitigation policies. Model uncertainties, introduced by complex…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-06-23 Baike She , Rebecca Lee Smith , Ian Pytlarz , Shreyas Sundaram , Philip E. Paré

We propose a function-valued evaluation metric for generative models based on the relative density ratio (RDR) designed to characterize distributional differences between real and generated samples. As an evaluation metric, the RDR function…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-29 Yuliang Xu , Yun Wei , Li Ma

Age-dependent dynamics is an important characteristic of many infectious diseases. Age-group epidemic models describe the infection dynamics in different age-groups by allowing to set distinct parameter values for each. However, such models…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-17 Rami Yaari , Itai Dattner , Amit Huppert

In this work, we discuss the SIR epidemiological model and different variations of it applied to the propagation of the COVID-19 pandemia; we employ the data of the state of Guanajuato and of Mexico. We present some considerations that can…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-16 Nana Cabo Bizet , Jonanthan Hidalgo Núñez , Gil Estefano Rodrígez Rivera

In this paper, we consider a discrete-time stochastic SIR model, where the transmission rate and the true number of infectious individuals are random and unobservable. An advantage of this model is that it permits us to account for random…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-01-30 Katia Colaneri , Camilla Damian , Rüdiger Frey

In this paper, we develop a method to estimate the infection-rate of a disease, over a region, as a field that varies in space and time. To do so, we use time-series of case-counts of symptomatic patients as observed in the areal units that…

Applications · Statistics 2024-06-19 Cosmin Safta , Wyatt Bridgman , Jaideep Ray

We propose a mathematical model to analyze the time evolution of the total number of infected population with Covid-19 disease at a region in the ongoing pandemic. Using the available data of Covid-19 infected population on various…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-17 Nilmani Mathur , Gargi Shaw

In this work, we have developed a Coxian distributed SEIR model in incorporating an empirical incubation period. We show that the global dynamics are completely determined by a basic reproduction number. An application of the Coxian…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-11-20 Sungchan Kim , Jong Hyuk Byun , Il Hyo Jung

With the unfolding of the COVID-19 pandemic, mathematical modeling of epidemics has been perceived and used as a central element in understanding, predicting, and governing the pandemic event. However, soon it became clear that long term…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-09 Ziqi Wang , Marco Broccardo , Arnaud Mignan , Didier Sornette