Related papers: Comparison between Thermoelectric and Bolometric M…
Thermoelectric power sensors can now be used as transfer standards, instead of bolometers, in the microcalorimeter technique. This alternative has the technical advantages to be less sensitive to absolute temperature and not downward…
Thermoelectric power sensors are widely used in commercial power meters at RF and microwaves, due to their superior robustness, stability, and accuracy if compared with other types of power sensors. Furthermore, their electrical…
Thermoelectric power sensors used as power transfer standards are promising devices for further enhancements of the microcalorimetric technique in the high frequency field. A coaxial microcalorimeter has been studied, based on…
The paper describes the realization process of the high frequency power standard based on a twin broadband microcalorimeter designed for effective efficiency measurement of coaxial power sensors with indirect heating thermocouples. The…
Primary power standards in the microwave domain are realized using a calorimetric technique, usually identified with the used measurement system, i.e., the microcalorimeter. It is adjusted for measurement of power ratios with a relative…
We present a proof-of-concept experiment to realize microwave primary power standard with a true-twin microcalorimeter. Double feeding line microcalorimeters are widely used by National Metrology Institutes. A drawback concerns the system…
The high frequency primary power standard is univocally realized by means of a coaxial microcalorimeter, at least up to 40 GHz. The coaxial microcalorimeter is a broadband measurement system adjusted for effec-tive efficiency measurement of…
This paper describes hardware and software improvements of the INRIM coaxial microcalorimeter together with their outcome on the primary power standard realization in the frequency band 0.05 - 40 GHz. A better temperature and power…
We introduce a microwave bolometer aimed at high-quantum-efficiency detection of wave packet energy within the framework of circuit quantum electrodynamics, the ultimate goal being single microwave photon detection. We measure the…
Microwave photons are important carriers of quantum information in many promising platforms for quantum computing. They can be routinely generated, controlled, and teleported in experiments, indicating a variety of applications in quantum…
Recently, great progress has been made in the field of ultrasensitive microwave detectors, reaching even the threshold for utilization in circuit quantum electrodynamics. However, cryogenic sensors lack the compatibility with broad-band…
We present ultra-thin silicon membrane thermocouple bolometers suitable for fast and sensitive detection of low levels of thermal power and infrared radiation at room temperature. The devices are based on 40 nm-thick strain tuned single…
A novel low temperature bolometric method has been devised and implemented for high-precision measurements of the microwave surface resistance of small single-crystal platelet samples having very low absorption, as a continuous function of…
Context. The search for B-mode polarization fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background is one of the main challenges of modern cosmology. The expected level of the B-mode signal is very low and therefore requires the development of…
We present a superconducting microresonator thermometer based on two-level systems (TLS) that is drop-in compatible with cryogenic microwave systems. The operational temperature range is 50-1000~mK (which may be extended to 5~mK), and the…
A novel method is presented for measuring impulsive forces generated by devices which are fed with medium power microwave signals. The forces are measured with a torsion balance or weighing scale, as usual, but the microwave signal is…
Near-equilibrium thermal detectors operate as classical calorimeters, with energy deposition and internal equilibration times short compared to the thermal time constant of the device. Advances in fabrication techniques, cryogenics, and…
The standard non-equilibrium theory of noise in ideal bolometers and microcalorimeters fails to predict the performance of real devices due to additional effects that become important at low temperature. In this paper we extend the theory…
We report measurements of the rectification of microwave radiation (0.7-20 GHz) at the boundary between two-dimensional electron systems separated by a narrow gap on a silicon surface for different temperatures, electron densities and…
We demonstrate metamaterial metal-based bolometers, which take advantage of resonant absorption in that a spectral and/or polarization filter can be built into the bolometer. Our proof-of-principle gold-nanostructure-based devices operate…