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Storing quantum information in a quantum error correction code can protect it from errors, but the ability to transform the stored quantum information in a fault tolerant way is equally important. Logical Pauli group operators can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-16 Mark A. Webster , Armanda O. Quintavalle , Stephen D. Bartlett

Quantum error correction is believed to be essential for scalable quantum computation, but its implementation is challenging due to its considerable space-time overhead. Motivated by recent experiments demonstrating efficient manipulation…

The design and optimization of a large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computer architecture relies extensively on numerical simulations to assess the performance of each component of the architecture. The simulation of fault-tolerant gadgets,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-28 Nicolas Delfosse , Adam Paetznick

Characterising quantum processes is a key task in and constitutes a challenge for the development of quantum technologies, especially at the noisy intermediate scale of today's devices. One method for characterising processes is randomised…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-31 Ingo Roth , Richard Kueng , Shelby Kimmel , Yi-Kai Liu , David Gross , Jens Eisert , Martin Kliesch

We present an algorithm for computing depth-optimal decompositions of logical operations, leveraging a meet-in-the-middle technique to provide a significant speed-up over simple brute force algorithms. As an illustration of our method we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-28 Matthew Amy , Dmitri Maslov , Michele Mosca , Martin Roetteler

We propose a scheme for the fault-tolerant implementation of arbitrary Clifford circuits. To achieve this, we extend previous work on flag gadgets for syndrome extraction to a general framework that flags any Clifford circuit. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Benjamin Anker , Milad Marvian

We present a discussion of the generalized Clifford group over non-cyclic finite abelian groups. These Clifford groups appear naturally in the theory of topological error correction and abelian anyon models. We demonstrate a generalized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-22 Milo Moses , Jacek Horecki , Konrad Deka , Jan Tulowiecki

We present a novel Clifford+T decomposition of a Toffoli gate. Our decomposition requires no SWAP gates in order to be implemented on 2D square lattices of qubits. This decomposition enables shallower, more fault-tolerant quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-22 Alexandru Paler , Evan E. Dobbs , Joseph S. Friedman

The n-qubit Pauli group and its normalizer the n-qubit Clifford group have applications in quantum error correction and device characterization. Recent applications have made use of the representation theory of the Clifford group. We apply…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Kieran Mastel

It is an oft-cited fact that no quantum code can support a set of fault-tolerant logical gates that is both universal and transversal. This no-go theorem is generally responsible for the interest in alternative universality constructions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-20 Theodore J. Yoder , Ryuji Takagi , Isaac L. Chuang

Unitary decomposition is a widely used method to map quantum algorithms to an arbitrary set of quantum gates. Efficient implementation of this decomposition allows for translation of bigger unitary gates into elementary quantum operations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 A. M. Krol , A. Sarkar , I. Ashraf , Z. Al-Ars , K. Bertels

Arithmetic operations are an important component of many quantum algorithms. As such, coming up with optimized quantum circuits for these operations leads to more efficient implementations of the corresponding algorithms. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Priyanka Mukhopadhyay , Alexandru Gheorghiu , Hari Krovi

Optimal implementation of quantum gates is crucial for designing a quantum computer. We consider the matrix representation of an arbitrary multiqubit gate. By ordering the basis vectors using the Gray code, we construct the quantum circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Juha J. Vartiainen , Mikko Mottonen , Martti M. Salomaa

We present a general method to construct fault-tolerant quantum logic gates with a simple primitive, which is an analog of quantum teleportation. The technique extends previous results based on traditional quantum teleportation (Gottesman…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Xinlan Zhou , Debbie W. Leung , Isaac L. Chuang

We propose a method for decomposing continuous-variable operations into a universal gate set, without the use of any approximations. We fully characterize a set of transformations admitting exact decompositions and describe a process for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-06 Timjan Kalajdzievski , Juan Miguel Arrazola

Clifford circuits -- i.e. circuits composed of only CNOT, Hadamard, and $\pi/4$ phase gates -- play a central role in the study of quantum computation. However, their computational power is limited: a well-known result of Gottesman and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-21 Adam Bouland , Joseph F. Fitzsimons , Dax Enshan Koh

One of the key challenges in quantum information is coherently manipulating the quantum state. However, it is an outstanding question whether control can be realized with low error. Only gates from the Clifford group -- containing $\pi$,…

We establish a classical heuristic algorithm for exactly computing quantum probability amplitudes. Our algorithm is based on mapping output probability amplitudes of quantum circuits to evaluations of the Tutte polynomial of graphic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-28 Ryan L. Mann

Fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) is essential to implement quantum algorithms in a noise-resilient way, and thus to enjoy advantages of quantum computers even with presence of noise. In FTQC, a quantum circuit is decomposed into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Kohdai Kuroiwa , Yuya O. Nakagawa

Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) codes are a promising candidate for implementing fault tolerant quantum computation in quantum harmonic oscillator systems such as superconducting resonators, optical photons and trapped ions, and in recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-11 Jonathan Conrad , Ansgar G. Burchards , Steven T. Flammia
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