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Quantum noise limits the sensitivity of precision measurement devices, such as laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatories and axion detectors. In the shot-noise-limited regime, these resonant detectors are subject to a trade-off…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Xiang Li , Jiri Smetana , Amit Singh Ubhi , Joe Bentley , Yanbei Chen , Yiqiu Ma , Haixing Miao , Denis Martynov

Higher-order spatial laser modes have recently been investigated as candidates for reducing test-mass thermal noise in ground-based gravitational-wave detectors such as advanced LIGO. In particular, higher-order Hermite-Gauss (HG) modes…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-11 Liu Tao , Paul Fulda

The ``optical springs'' regime of the signal-recycled configuration of laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors is analyzed taking in account optical losses in the interferometer arm cavities. This regime allows to obtain…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 F. Ya. Khalili , V. I. Lazebny , S. P. Vyatchanin

This manuscript derives explicit factors linking mode-mismatch-induced power losses, in Hermite-Gauss optical modes to the losses of the fundamental spatial mode. Higher order modes are found to be more sensitive to beam parameter…

Optics · Physics 2020-10-21 Aaron W. Jones , Andreas Freise

We discuss the parametric oscillatory instability in a Fabry-Perot cavity of the Einstein Telescope. Unstable combinations of elastic and optical modes for two possible configurations of gravitational wave third-generation detector are…

Optics · Physics 2019-09-04 S. E. Strigin

A detailed simulation of Advanced LIGO test mass optical cavities shows that parametric instabilities will excite acoustic modes in the test masses in the frequency range 28-35 kHz and 64-72 kHz. Using nominal Advanced LIGO optical cavity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 C. Zhao , L. Ju , J. Degallaix , S. Gras , D. G. Blair

Optical levitation of nanoscale particles has emerged as a platform for precision measurement. Extremely low damping, together with optical interferometric position detection, makes possible exquisite force measurement and promises…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-24 Chris Dawson , James Bateman

Advanced gravitational wave detectors use suspended test masses to form optical resonant cavities for enhancing the detector sensitivity. These cavities store hundreds of kilowatts of coherent light and even higher optical power for future…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-30 Jian Liu , Vladimir Bossilkov , Carl Blair , Chunnong Zhao , Li Ju , David Blair

In laser gravitational waves detectors optical loss restricts sensitivity. We discuss polarization scattering as one more possible mechanism of optical losses. Circulated inside interferometer light is polarized and after reflection its…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-20 Sergey P. Vyatchanin

Using a quantum mechanical approach, we show that in a gravitational-wave interferometer composed of arm cavities and a signal recycling cavity, e.g., the LIGO-II configuration, the radiation-pressure force acting on the mirrors not only…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Alessandra Buonanno , Yanbei Chen

A fundamental limit to the sensitivity of optical interferometers is imposed by Brownian thermal fluctuations of the mirrors' surfaces. This thermal noise can be reduced by using larger beams which "average out" the random fluctuations of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 T. Hong , J. Miller , H. Yamamoto , Y. Chen , R. Adhikari

Diverse applications in photonics and microwave engineering require a means of measurement of the instantaneous frequency of a signal. A photonic implementation typically applies an interferometer equipped with three or more output ports to…

Three-mode opto-acoustic interactions in advanced laser interferometer gravitational wave detectors have high sensitivity to thermally excited ultrasonic modes in their test masses. Three mode interaction signal gain can change by 100% for…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-18 L Ju , C Zhao , D G Blair , S Susmithan , Q Fang , C D Blair

Optical rigidity in aLIGO gravitational-wave detector, operated on dark port regime, is unstable. We show that the same interferometer with excluded symmetric mechanical mode but with unbalanced arms allows to get stable optical spring for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-02 Nikita Vostrosablin , Sergey Vyatchanin

Current gravitational-wave (GW) detectors are limited in the amount of circulating power they can reach. Optical absorption in the test masses leads to thermal effects that shift the eigenmodes of the optical cavities, and cause control…

Proposed near-future upgrades of the current advanced interferometric gravitational wave detectors include the usage of frequency dependent squeezed light to reduce the current sensitivity-limiting quantum noise. We quantify and describe…

Strongly squeezed states of light are a key technology in boosting the sensitivity of interferometric setups, such as in gravitational-wave detectors. However, the practical use of squeezed states is limited by optical loss, which reduces…

We measure the motional fluctuations of a micromechanical mirror using a Michelson interferometer, and demonstrate its interferometric stability. The position stability of the micromirror is dominated by the thermal mechanical noise of the…

The thermal noise is expected to be one of the main limiting factors on the sensitivity of interferometric gravitational-wave detectors like LIGO and VIRGO. Thermal fluctuations of internal modes of the interferometer's test masses and of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2007-05-23 Constantin Brif

Thermal effects are already important in currently operating interferometric gravitational wave detectors. Planned upgrades of these detectors involve increasing optical power to combat quantum shot noise. We consider the ramifications of…

Optics · Physics 2017-04-13 J Miller , P Willems , H Yamamoto , J Agresti , R DeSalvo