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We generalise the popular cops and robbers game to multi-layer graphs, where each cop and the robber are restricted to a single layer (or set of edges). We show that initial intuition about the best way to allocate cops to layers is not…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Jessica Enright , Kitty Meeks , William Pettersson , John Sylvester

The game of cops and robbers is a pursuit game on graphs where a set of agents, called the cops try to get to the same position of another agent, called the robber. Cops and robbers has been studies on several classes of graphs including…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Seyyed Aliasghar Hosseini , Masood Masjoody , Ladislav Stacho

The cops-and-robber (CR) game has been used in mobile robotics as a discretized model (played on a graph G) of pursuit/evasion problems. The "classic" CR version is a perfect information game: the cops' (pursuer's) location is always known…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-02-26 Athanasios Kehagias , Dieter Mitsche , Pawel Pralat

We introduce a new type of positional games, played on a vertex set of a graph. Given a graph $G$, two players claim vertices of $G$, where the outcome of the game is determined by the subgraphs of $G$ induced by the vertices claimed by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-03 Gal Kronenberg , Adva Mond , Alon Naor

The 'Cheating Robot' version of Cops and Robbers is played on a finite, simple, connected graph. The players move in the same time period. However, before moving, the robot observes to which vertices the cops are moving and it is fast…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-12 Melissa A. Huggan , Richard J. Nowakowski

This paper introduced a pursuit and evasion game to be played on a connected graph. One player moves invisibly around the graph, and the other player must guess his position. At each time step the second player guesses a vertex, winning if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-24 John Haslegrave

We study the Localization game on locally finite graphs trees, where each of the countably many vertices have finite degree. In contrast to the finite case, we construct a locally finite tree with localization number $n$ for any choice of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-04 Anthony Bonato , Florian Lehner , Trent G. Marbach , JD Nir

We investigate the game of cops and robber, played on a finite graph, between one cop and one robber. If the cop can force a win on a graph, the graph is called cop-win. We describe a procedure we call corner ranking, performed on a graph,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-14 David Offner , Kerry Ojakian

A general position set of a graph $G$ is a set of vertices $S$ in $G$ such that no three vertices from $S$ lie on a common shortest path. In this paper we introduce and study the general position achievement game. The game is played on a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Sandi Klavžar , Neethu P. K. , Ullas Chandran S.

We study a variant of the classical Cops and Robbers game with one cop and one robber, in which the cop follows a fixed walk on the graph, a patrol, that is chosen before the game begins, while the robber is omniscient, he knows the entire…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Nina Chiarelli , Paul Dorbec , Miloš Stojaković , Andrej Taranenko

The game of Cops and Robber is traditionally played on a finite graph. The purpose of this note is to introduce and analyze the game that is played on an arbitrary geodesic space. The game is defined in such a way that it preserves the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Bojan Mohar

We study the zero-visibility cops and robbers game, where the robber is invisible to the cops until they are caught. This differs from the classic game where full information about the robber's location is known at any time. A previously…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Igor Potapov , Tymofii Prokopenko , John Sylvester

We highlight new results on the localization number of a graph, a parameter derived from the localization graph searching game. After introducing the game and providing an overview of existing results, we describe recent results on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-22 Anthony Bonato , Melissa A. Huggan , Trent G. Marbach

Cops and Robbers is a type of pursuit-evasion game played on a graph where a set of cops try to capture a single robber. The cops first choose their initial vertex positions, and later the robber chooses a vertex. The cops and robbers make…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Prosenjit Bose , Jean-Lou De Carufel , Anil Maheshwari , Karthik Murali

The game of cops and robbers, played on a fixed graph $G$, is a two-player game, where the cop and the robber (the players) take turns in moving to adjacent vertices. The game finishes if the cop lands on the robber's vertex. In that case…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Jorge Cruz Chapital , Tomáš Flídr , Maria-Romina Ivan

In this paper we analyze a variant of the pursuit-evasion game on a graph $G$ where the intruder occupies a vertex, is allowed to move to adjacent vertices or remain in place, and is 'invisible' to the searcher, meaning that the searcher…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-07 Anton Bernshteyn , Eugene Lee

Cops and Robbers games have been studied for the last few decades in computer science and mathematics. As in general pursuit evasion games, pursuers (cops) seek to capture evaders (robbers); however, players move in turn and are constrained…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Frédéric Simard , Josée Desharnais , François Laviolette

We study a variant of the Cops and Robbers game on graphs in which the robbers damage the visited vertices, aiming to maximize the number of damaged vertices. For that game with one cop against $s$ robbers a conjecture was made by Carlson,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Miloš Stojaković , Lasse Wulf

We discuss winning possibilities of players in various variants of cops and robber game played on large random graphs, a testbed for various kinds of network queries, search problems in particular. We explore the use of logic frameworks to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sourav Chakraborty , Sujata Ghosh , Smiha Samanta

This paper considers a natural ruleset for playing a partisan combinatorial game on a directed graph, which we call Digraph Placement. Given a digraph $G$ with a not necessarily proper $2$-coloring of $V(G)$, the Digraph Placement game…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-15 Alexander Clow , Neil A McKay