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A setup for studying the influence of external electric fields on dynamic surface processes is described. Spatially-extended homogeneous electric fields are realized by applying a DC voltage in between a planar electrode and a metallic…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2013-11-22 W. Steurer , S. Surnev , F. Hanauer , K. Ansperger , F. P. Netzer

Vision-centric hierarchical embodied models have demonstrated strong potential. However, existing methods lack spatial awareness capabilities, limiting their effectiveness in bridging visual plans to actionable control in complex…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Yijun Liu , Yuwei Liu , Yuan Meng , Jieheng Zhang , Yuwei Zhou , Ye Li , Jiacheng Jiang , Kangye Ji , Shijia Ge , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

The hybrid nanostructures of nitrogen doped carbon materials and nonprecious transition metals are among the most promising electrocatalysts to replace noble metal catalysts for renewable energy applications. However, the fundamental…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-05-14 Wei Pei , Si Zhou , Yizhen Bai , Jijun Zhao

The rapid expansion of renewable energy sources has introduced significant volatility and unpredictability in the energy supply chain, necessitating advanced control strategies to ensure grid stability and reliability. Green hydrogen…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Vincent Henkel , Lukas Peter Wagner , Felix Gehlhoff , Alexander Fay

The improved photocatalytic water splitting using 2D materials has technological importance for economically viable renewable energy. The present study focuses on the effect of uniaxial, biaxial, and vertical strain on the energy gap and…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-01-11 Soumendra Kumar Das , Lokanath Patra , Prasanjit Samal , Pratap K Sahoo

Until now, the fabrication of electrocatalysts to guarantee long life of fuel cells and low consumption of noble metals remains a major challenge. The electrocatalysts based on metals or metal oxides which are used today are limited by the…

Patches of catalyst imprinted on supporting walls induce motion of the fluid around them once they are supplied with the chemical species (``fuel'') that are converted by the catalytic chemical reaction. While the functioning of such…

Finding new ionic conductors that enable significant advancements in the development of energy-storage devices is a challenging goal of current material science. Aside of material classes as ionic liquids or amorphous ion conductors, the…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-09-02 K. Geirhos , P. Lunkenheimer , M. Michl , D. Reuter , A. Loidl

In situ electron microscopy is a key tool for understanding the mechanisms driving novel phenomena in 2D structures. Unfortunately, due to various practical challenges, technologically relevant 2D heterostructures prove challenging to…

Influenced by the advances in data and computing, the scientific practice increasingly involves machine learning and artificial intelligence driven methods which requires specialized capabilities at the system-, science- and service-level…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Ilkay Altintas , Ismael Perez , Dmitry Mishin , Adrien Trouillaud , Christopher Irving , John Graham , Mahidhar Tatineni , Thomas DeFanti , Shawn Strande , Larry Smarr , Michael L. Norman

Modelling electrolytes accurately on both a nanoscale and cell level can contribute to improving battery chemistries.[Armand and Tarascon, Nature, 2008, 451, 652-657] We previously presented a thermodynamic continuum model for…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-08-09 Constantin Schwetlick , Max Schammer , Arnulf Latz , Birger Horstmann

The ability to efficiently evolve hydrogen via electrocatalysis at low overpotentials holds tremendous promise for clean energy. Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can be easily achieved from water if a voltage above the thermodynamic…

The selective etching of carbon nanotubes has been widely explored as a post-synthetic route for enriching semiconducting species. As nanoelectronic applications increasingly demand pure semiconducting nanotubes for use in field-effect…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-26 K. Otsuka , S. Maruyama

Scalable hydrogen production using proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers depends on overcoming efficiency losses arising from coupled multiphase, multicomponent transport and interfacial phenomena across the membrane electrode…

A new dual plasma coating process to produce platinum-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in a fuel cell is introduced. The catalysts thus produced were analysed with various methods. Electrochemical characterisation was…

Lithium thiophosphate (LPS) is a promising solid electrolyte for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to its superior energy storage, high ionic conductivity, and low-flammability components. Despite its potential, the high reactivity…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-23 Hanna Türk , Davide Tisi , Michele Ceriotti

LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures are known to exhibit a sharp, hysteretic metal-insulator transition (MIT) with large enhanced capacitance near depletion. To understand the physical origin of this behavior, the electromechanical response of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-05-17 Feng Bi , Mengchen Huang , Chung Wung Bark , Sangwoo Ryu , Sanghan Lee , Chang-Beom Eom , Patrick Irvin , Jeremy Levy

We present an approach to enhancing the realism of synthetic images. The images are enhanced by a convolutional network that leverages intermediate representations produced by conventional rendering pipelines. The network is trained via a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Stephan R. Richter , Hassan Abu AlHaija , Vladlen Koltun

Additive manufacturing, called 3D printing, starts to play an unprecedented role in developing many applications in industrial or personalized products. The conductive composite structures require additional treatment to achieve an…

The study of the non-linear response of matter to high electric fields has recently encompassed harmonic generation in solids at near-infrared (NIR) driving wavelengths. Interest has been driven by the prospect of ultrafast signal…