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A common approach for minimizing a smooth nonlinear function is to employ finite-difference approximations to the gradient. While this can be easily performed when no error is present within the function evaluations, when the function is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-24 Hao-Jun Michael Shi , Yuchen Xie , Melody Qiming Xuan , Jorge Nocedal

This paper addresses the study of derivative-free smooth optimization problems, where the gradient information on the objective function is unavailable. Two novel general derivative-free methods are proposed and developed for minimizing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-29 Pham Duy Khanh , Boris S. Mordukhovich , Dat Ba Tran

Derivative-free optimization (DFO) consists in finding the best value of an objective function without relying on derivatives. To tackle such problems, one may build approximate derivatives, using for instance finite-difference estimates.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Clément W. Royer , Oumaima Sohab , Luis Nunes Vicente

In this paper, we analyze several methods for approximating gradients of noisy functions using only function values. These methods include finite differences, linear interpolation, Gaussian smoothing and smoothing on a sphere. The methods…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-29 Albert S. Berahas , Liyuan Cao , Krzysztof Choromanski , Katya Scheinberg

Derivative-free optimization (DFO) is vital in solving complex optimization problems where only noisy function evaluations are available through an oracle. Within this domain, DFO via finite difference (FD) approximation has emerged as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Wang Du-Yi , Liang Guo , Liu Guangwu , Zhang Kun

This paper provides lower bounds on the convergence rate of Derivative Free Optimization (DFO) with noisy function evaluations, exposing a fundamental and unavoidable gap between the performance of algorithms with access to gradients and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-09-13 Kevin G. Jamieson , Robert D. Nowak , Benjamin Recht

In this paper we focus on the linear functionals defining an approximate version of the gradient of a function. These functionals are often used when dealing with optimization problems where the computation of the gradient of the objective…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-21 Marco Boresta , Tommaso Colombo , Alberto De Santis , Stefano Lucidi

In this paper, we present a novel derivative-free optimization framework for solving unconstrained stochastic optimization problems. Many problems in fields ranging from simulation optimization to reinforcement learning involve settings…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-19 Raghu Bollapragada , Cem Karamanli , Stefan M. Wild

We propose a new class of rigorous methods for derivative-free optimization with the aim of delivering efficient and robust numerical performance for functions of all types, from smooth to non-smooth, and under different noise regimes. To…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-31 Albert S. Berahas , Oumaima Sohab , Luis Nunes Vicente

We consider smooth stochastic convex optimization problems in the context of algorithms which are based on directional derivatives of the objective function. This context can be considered as an intermediate one between derivative-free…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-22 Pavel Dvurechensky , Eduard Gorbunov , Alexander Gasnikov

Gradient-based methods are well-suited for derivative-free optimization (DFO), where finite-difference (FD) estimates are commonly used as gradient surrogates. Traditional stochastic approximation methods, such as Kiefer-Wolfowitz (KW) and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Guo Liang , Guangwu Liu , Kun Zhang

Finite-difference methods are a class of algorithms designed to solve black-box optimization problems by approximating a gradient of the target function on a set of directions. In black-box optimization, the non-smooth setting is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Marco Rando , Cesare Molinari , Lorenzo Rosasco , Silvia Villa

We consider an unconstrained problem of minimizing a smooth convex function which is only available through noisy observations of its values, the noise consisting of two parts. Similar to stochastic optimization problems, the first part is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-22 Eduard Gorbunov , Pavel Dvurechensky , Alexander Gasnikov

A novel class of derivative-free optimization algorithms is developed. The main idea is to utilize certain non-commutative maps in order to approximate the gradient of the objective function. Convergence properties of the novel algorithms…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-21 Jan Feiling , Amelie Zeller , Christian Ebenbauer

In this paper, we analyze the accuracy of gradient estimates obtained by linear interpolation when the underlying function is subject to bounded measurement noise. The total gradient error is decomposed into a deterministic component…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Alejandro G. Marchetti , Dominique Bonvin

In this paper, we consider the composite optimization problem, where the objective function integrates a continuously differentiable loss function with a nonsmooth regularization term. Moreover, only the function values for the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-09 Shanglin Liu , Lei Wang , Nachuan Xiao , Xin Liu

Derivative-free optimization (DFO) is the mathematical study of the optimization algorithms that do not use derivatives. One branch of DFO focuses on model-based DFO methods, where an approximation of the objective function is used to guide…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-12-16 Warren Hare

We study derivative-free methods for policy optimization over the class of linear policies. We focus on characterizing the convergence rate of these methods when applied to linear-quadratic systems, and study various settings of driving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Dhruv Malik , Ashwin Pananjady , Kush Bhatia , Koulik Khamaru , Peter L. Bartlett , Martin J. Wainwright

Finite differences have been widely used in mathematical theory as well as in scientific and engineering computations. These concepts are constantly mentioned in calculus. Most frequently-used difference formulas provide excellent…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2010-06-09 Brian Jain , Andrew D. Sheng

In this paper, we consider derivative free optimization problems, where the objective function is smooth but is computed with some amount of noise, the function evaluations are expensive and no derivative information is available. We are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-05 Albert S Berahas , Liyuan Cao , Krzysztof Choromanski , Katya Scheinberg
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