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We consider a setting where multiple entities inter-act with each other over time and the time-varying statuses of the entities are represented as multiple correlated time series. For example, speed sensors are deployed in different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Razvan-Gabriel Cirstea , Chenjuan Guo , Bin Yang

Recent advances in neural forecasting have produced major improvements in accuracy for probabilistic demand prediction. In this work, we propose novel improvements to the current state of the art by incorporating changes inspired by recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Carson Eisenach , Yagna Patel , Dhruv Madeka

Among the existing Transformer-based multivariate time series forecasting methods, iTransformer, which treats each variable sequence as a token and only explicitly extracts cross-variable dependencies, and PatchTST, which adopts a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Liyang Qin , Xiaoli Wang , Chunhua Yang , Huaiwen Zou , Haochuan Zhang

Transformer-based architectures dominate time series modeling by enabling global attention over all timestamps, yet their rigid 'one-size-fits-all' context aggregation fails to address two critical challenges in real-world data: (1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xiaowen Ma , Shuning Ge , Fan Yang , Xiangyu Li , Yun Chen , Mengting Ma , Wei Zhang , Zhipeng Liu

In recent years, numerous Transformer-based models have been applied to long-term time-series forecasting (LTSF) tasks. However, recent studies with linear models have questioned their effectiveness, demonstrating that simple linear layers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jiaheng Yin , Zhengxin Shi , Jianshen Zhang , Xiaomin Lin , Yulin Huang , Yongzhi Qi , Wei Qi

Transformer-based models have become state-of-the-art tools in various machine learning tasks, including time series classification, yet their complexity makes understanding their internal decision-making challenging. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Matīss Kalnāre , Sofoklis Kitharidis , Thomas Bäck , Niki van Stein

Accurate long-term predictions are the foundations for many machine learning applications and decision-making processes. Traditional time series approaches for prediction often focus on either autoregressive modeling, which relies solely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Kshitij Tayal , Arvind Renganathan , Xiaowei Jia , Vipin Kumar , Dan Lu

Recent Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) demonstrate in-context learning ability to perform various functions based solely on the provided context, without updating model parameters. To fully utilize the in-context capabilities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Jiecheng Lu , Yan Sun , Shihao Yang

In this work we propose for the first time a transformer-based framework for unsupervised representation learning of multivariate time series. Pre-trained models can be potentially used for downstream tasks such as regression and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 George Zerveas , Srideepika Jayaraman , Dhaval Patel , Anuradha Bhamidipaty , Carsten Eickhoff

Traffic prediction remains a key challenge in spatio-temporal data mining, despite progress in deep learning. Accurate forecasting is hindered by the complex influence of external factors such as traffic accidents and regulations, often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Hongjun Wang , Jiawei Yong , Jiawei Wang , Shintaro Fukushima , Renhe Jiang

Long-term traffic prediction has always been a challenging task due to its dynamic temporal dependencies and complex spatial dependencies. In this paper, we propose a model that combines hybrid Transformer and spatio-temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Wang Zhu , Doudou Zhang , Baichao Long , Jianli Xiao

Flow prediction (e.g., crowd flow, traffic flow) with features of spatial-temporal is increasingly investigated in AI research field. It is very challenging due to the complicated spatial dependencies between different locations and dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Haoxing Lin , Weijia Jia , Yiping Sun , Yongjian You

Traditional vision-based autonomous driving systems often face difficulties in navigating complex environments when relying solely on single-image inputs. To overcome this limitation, incorporating temporal data such as past image frames or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Tuong Do , Binh X. Nguyen , Quang D. Tran , Erman Tjiputra , Te-Chuan Chiu , Anh Nguyen

Non-autoregressive models are promising on various text generation tasks. Previous work hardly considers to explicitly model the positions of generated words. However, position modeling is an essential problem in non-autoregressive text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Yu Bao , Hao Zhou , Jiangtao Feng , Mingxuan Wang , Shujian Huang , Jiajun Chen , Lei LI

Spatial-temporal network traffic forecasting is a challenging task due to the complex spatial relationships and dynamic temporal patterns present in each node. Traditional regression methods are not directly applicable to such graph data.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jinming Xing , Guoheng Sun , Hui Sun , Linchao Pan , Shakir Mahmood , Xuanhao Luo , Muhammad Shahzad

End-to-end (E2E) models have gained attention in the research field of automatic speech recognition (ASR). Many E2E models proposed so far assume left-to-right autoregressive generation of an output token sequence except for connectionist…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-17 Yuya Fujita , Shinji Watanabe , Motoi Omachi , Xuankai Chan

Accurate and robust weather forecasting remains a fundamental challenge due to the inherent spatio-temporal complexity of atmospheric systems. In this paper, we propose a novel self-supervised learning framework that leverages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yao Liu

Detectors with high coverage have direct and far-reaching benefits for road users in route planning and avoiding traffic congestion, but utilizing these data presents unique challenges including: the dynamic temporal correlation, and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 He Li , Shiyu Zhang , Xuejiao Li , Liangcai Su , Hongjie Huang , Duo Jin , Linghao Chen , Jianbing Huang , Jaesoo Yoo

The performance of time series forecasting has recently been greatly improved by the introduction of transformers. In this paper, we propose a general multi-scale framework that can be applied to the state-of-the-art transformer-based time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Amin Shabani , Amir Abdi , Lili Meng , Tristan Sylvain

Despite advances in the Transformer architecture, their effectiveness for long-term time series forecasting (LTSF) remains controversial. In this paper, we investigate the potential of integrating explicit periodicity modeling into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Tian Sun , Yuqi Chen , Weiwei Sun