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The measurement of energy is a fundamental tool used, for example, in exploring the early universe, characterizing particle decay processes, as well as in quantum technology and computing. Some of the most sensitive energy detectors are…
We introduce a micromachined force scale for laser power measurement by means of radiation pressure sensing. With this technique, the measured laser light is not absorbed and can be utilized while being measured. We employ silicon…
Future wireless cellular networks will utilize millimeter-wave and sub-THz frequencies and deploy small-cell base stations to achieve data rates on the order of hundreds of Gigabits per second per user. The move to sub-THz frequencies will…
Advances in solid-state device design now allow the spectrum of transmitted electrons in thermionic and thermoelectric devices to be engineered in ways that were not previously possible. Here we show that the shape of the electron energy…
In this paper, the calorimetric power measurement method for electron cyclotron resonance heating system on EAST are presented. This method requires measurement of the water flow through the cooling circuits and the input and output water…
We present ultra-thin silicon membrane thermocouple bolometers suitable for fast and sensitive detection of low levels of thermal power and infrared radiation at room temperature. The devices are based on 40 nm-thick strain tuned single…
An 18-level argon collisional radiative model (CRM) suitable for low pressure was established. The model can be solved by combining the optical emission spectroscopy (OES) with Langmuir probe calibration. In the capacitively coupled plasmas…
The most common instruments currently used to measure active/reactive energy and power quality indicators are smart energy meters (EM). Unfortunately, the verification of such meters is currently performed under ideal conditions or with…
Transition-edge sensors (TESs) are used as very sensitive thermometers in microcalorimeters aimed at detection of different wavelengths. In particular, for soft X-ray astrophysics, science goals require very high resolution…
In this paper we present a simple and efficient built-in temperature sensor for thermal monitoring of standard-cell based VLSI circuits. The proposed smart temperature sensor uses a ring-oscillator composed of complex gates instead of…
We study quantum transport through two-terminal nanoscale devices in contact with two particle reservoirs at different temperatures and chemical potentials. We discuss the general expressions controlling the electric charge current, heat…
The technological exploitation of ferroelectricity in CMOS electron devices offers new design opportunities, but also significant challenges from an integration, optimization and modelling perspective. We here revisit the working principle…
Charge Coupled Devices (CCDs) have been successfully used in several high energy physics experiments over the past two decades. Their high spatial resolution and thin sensitive layers make them an excellent tool for studying short-lived…
Fine-grained power monitoring of software activities becomes unavoidable to maximize the power usage efficiency of data centers. In particular, achieving an optimal scheduling of containers requires the deployment of software-defined…
Resistance thermometry provides a time-tested method for taking temperature measurements. However, fundamental limits to resistance-based approaches has produced considerable interest in developing photonic temperature sensors to leverage…
Wireless power transfer (WPT) has garnered increasing attention due to its potential to eliminate device-side batteries. With the advent of (distributed) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), radio frequency (RF) WPT has become feasible…
Rate adaptation and transmission power control in 802.11 WLANs have received a lot of attention from the research community, with most of the proposals aiming at maximising throughput based on network conditions. Considering energy…
A temperature controlled 1 {\Omega}-10 k{\Omega} standard Resistors transportable setup was developed at National Institute of Metrological Research, (INRIM) for the calibration and adjustment of multifunction electrical instruments. The…
Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are being used extensively for electrical grid monitoring and control. However, their cost prohibits further adoption on the distribution grid and easy access for educational purposes. This paper proposes…
Transition edge sensor microcalorimeters can measure x-ray and gamma-ray energies with very high energy resolution and high photon-collection efficiency. For this technology to reach its full potential in future x-ray observatories, each…