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Solar flares, especially the M- and X-class flares, are often associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs). They are the most important sources of space weather effects, that can severely impact the near-Earth environment. Thus it is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-02 Hewei Zhang , Qin Li , Yanxing Yang , Ju Jing , Jason T. L. Wang , Haimin Wang , Zuofeng Shang

Solar flares represent one of the most intense forms of solar activity. Understanding the evolution of physical parameters in the solar atmosphere during flares is key to studying flare mechanisms and improving prediction capabilities.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-27 W. Xu , Q. Hao , Z. Zheng , J. Hong , J. Hu , Y. Qiu , C. Li , M. D. Ding , C. Fang

In heliophysics research, predicting solar flares is crucial due to their potential to impact both space-based systems and Earth's infrastructure substantially. Magnetic field data from solar active regions, recorded by solar imaging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Onur Vural , Shah Muhammad Hamdi , Soukaina Filali Boubrahimi

A deep learning model is often considered a black-box model, as its internal workings tend to be opaque to the user. Because of the lack of transparency, it is challenging to understand the reasoning behind the model's predictions. Here, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Adam O. Rawashdeh , Jason T. L. Wang , Katherine G. Herbert

Solar flares are caused by magnetic eruptions in active regions (ARs) on the surface of the sun. These events can have significant impacts on human activity, many of which can be mitigated with enough advance warning from good forecasts. To…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-18 Varad Deshmukh , Thomas Berger , James Meiss , Elizabeth Bradley

Accurate and reliable solar flare predictions are essential to mitigate potential impacts on critical infrastructure. However, the current performance of solar flare forecasting is insufficient. In this study, we address the task of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Yusuke Takagi , Shunya Nagashima , Komei Sugiura

This study aims to evaluate the performance of deep learning models in predicting $\geq$M-class solar flares with a prediction window of 24 hours, using hourly sampled full-disk line-of-sight (LoS) magnetogram images, particularly focusing…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-18 Chetraj Pandey , Rafal A. Angryk , Berkay Aydin

Current post-processing techniques for the correction of atmospheric seeing in solar observations -- such as Speckle interferometry and Phase Diversity methods -- have limitations when it comes to their reconstructive capabilities of solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-09 John A. Armstrong , Lyndsay Fletcher

Solar flare prediction plays an important role in understanding and forecasting space weather. The main goal of the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI), one of the instruments on NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory, is to study the origin…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-08 Yasser Abduallah , Jason T. L. Wang , Yang Nie , Chang Liu , Haimin Wang

Recently, there has been growing interest in the use of machine-learning methods for predicting solar flares. Initial efforts along these lines employed comparatively simple models, correlating features extracted from observations of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-21 Varad Deshmukh , Srinivas Baskar , Elizabeth Bradley , Thomas Berger , James D. Meiss

Space weather, driven by solar flares and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), poses significant risks to technological systems. Accurately forecasting these events and their impact on Earth's magnetosphere remains a challenge because of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-27 Sabrina Guastavino , Edoardo Legnaro , Anna Maria Massone , Michele Piana

A solar active region can significantly disrupt the Sun Earth space environment, often leading to severe space weather events such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections. As a consequence, the automatic classification of active region…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-24 Edoardo Legnaro , Sabrina Guastavino , Michele Piana , Anna Maria Massone

Disturbances in space weather can negatively affect several fields, including aviation and aerospace, satellites, oil and gas industries, and electrical systems, leading to economic and commercial losses. Solar flares are the most…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-07 T. Cinto , A. L. S. Gradvohl , G. P. Coelho , A. E. A. da Silva

Solar energy is one of the most dependable renewable energy technologies, as it is feasible almost everywhere globally. However, improving the efficiency of a solar PV system remains a significant challenge. To enhance the robustness of the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-02 Maryam Paparimoghadamborazjani , Amin Kazemi

Accurate solar flare prediction is crucial due to the significant risks that intense solar flares pose to astronauts, space equipment, and satellite communication systems. Our research enhances solar flare prediction by utilizing advanced…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-24 MohammadReza EskandariNasab , Shah Muhammad Hamdi , Soukaina Filali Boubrahimi

Regional solar power forecasting, which involves predicting the total power generation from all rooftop photovoltaic systems in a region holds significant importance for various stakeholders in the energy sector. However, the vast amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Maneesha Perera , Julian De Hoog , Kasun Bandara , Damith Senanayake , Saman Halgamuge

Flares are a well-studied aspect of the Sun's magnetic activity. Detecting and classifying solar flares can inform the analysis of contamination caused by stellar flares in exoplanet transmission spectra. In this paper, we present a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-25 Nicole Hao , Laura Flagg , Ray Jayawardhana

Forthcoming imaging surveys will potentially increase the number of known galaxy-scale strong lenses by several orders of magnitude. For this to happen, images of tens of millions of galaxies will have to be inspected to identify potential…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-01-29 Euclid Collaboration , L. Leuzzi , M. Meneghetti , G. Angora , R. B. Metcalf , L. Moscardini , P. Rosati , P. Bergamini , F. Calura , B. Clément , R. Gavazzi , F. Gentile , M. Lochner , C. Grillo , G. Vernardos , N. Aghanim , A. Amara , L. Amendola , S. Andreon , N. Auricchio , S. Bardelli , C. Bodendorf , D. Bonino , E. Branchini , M. Brescia , J. Brinchmann , S. Camera , V. Capobianco , C. Carbone , J. Carretero , S. Casas , M. Castellano , S. Cavuoti , A. Cimatti , R. Cledassou , G. Congedo , C. J. Conselice , L. Conversi , Y. Copin , L. Corcione , F. Courbin , H. M. Courtois , M. Cropper , A. Da Silva , H. Degaudenzi , J. Dinis , F. Dubath , X. Dupac , S. Dusini , M. Farina , S. Farrens , S. Ferriol , M. Frailis , E. Franceschi , M. Fumana , S. Galeotta , B. Gillis , C. Giocoli , A. Grazian , F. Grupp , L. Guzzo , S. V. H. Haugan , W. Holmes , I. Hook , F. Hormuth , A. Hornstrup , P. Hudelot , K. Jahnke , B. Joachimi , M. Kümmel , E. Keihänen , S. Kermiche , A. Kiessling , T. Kitching , M. Kunz , H. Kurki-Suonio , P. B. Lilje , V. Lindholm , I. Lloro , D. Maino , E. Maiorano , O. Mansutti , O. Marggraf , K. Markovic , N. Martinet , F. Marulli , R. Massey , E. Medinaceli , S. Mei , M. Melchior , Y. Mellier , E. Merlin , G. Meylan , M. Moresco , E. Munari , S. -M. Niemi , J. W. Nightingale , T. Nutma , C. Padilla , S. Paltani , F. Pasian , K. Pedersen , V. Pettorino , S. Pires , G. Polenta , M. Poncet , F. Raison , A. Renzi , J. Rhodes , G. Riccio , E. Romelli , M. Roncarelli , E. Rossetti , R. Saglia , D. Sapone , B. Sartoris , M. Schirmer , P. Schneider , A. Secroun , G. Seidel , S. Serrano , C. Sirignano , G. Sirri , L. Stanco , P. Tallada-Crespí , A. N. Taylor , I. Tereno , R. Toledo-Moreo , F. Torradeflot , I. Tutusaus , L. Valenziano , T. Vassallo , A. Veropalumbo , Y. Wang , J. Weller , G. Zamorani , J. Zoubian , E. Zucca , A. Boucaud , E. Bozzo , C. Colodro-Conde , D. Di Ferdinando , R. Farinelli , J. Graciá-Carpio , N. Mauri , C. Neissner , V. Scottez , M. Tenti , A. Tramacere , Y. Akrami , V. Allevato , C. Baccigalupi , M. Ballardini , F. Bernardeau , A. Biviano , S. Borgani , A. S. Borlaff , H. Bretonnière , C. Burigana , R. Cabanac , A. Cappi , C. S. Carvalho , G. Castignani , T. Castro , K. C. Chambers , A. R. Cooray , J. Coupon , S. Davini , S. de la Torre , G. De Lucia , G. Desprez , S. Di Domizio , H. Dole , J. A. Escartin Vigo , S. Escoffier , I. Ferrero , L. Gabarra , K. Ganga , J. Garcia-Bellido , E. Gaztanaga , K. George , G. Gozaliasl , H. Hildebrandt , M. Huertas-Company , J. J. E. Kajava , V. Kansal , C. C. Kirkpatrick , L. Legrand , A. Loureiro , M. Magliocchetti , G. Mainetti , R. Maoli , M. Martinelli , C. J. A. P. Martins , S. Matthew , L. Maurin , P. Monaco , G. Morgante , S. Nadathur , A. A. Nucita , M. Pöntinen , L. Patrizii , V. Popa , C. Porciani , D. Potter , P. Reimberg , A. G. Sánchez , Z. Sakr , A. Schneider , M. Sereno , P. Simon , A. Spurio Mancini , J. Stadel , J. Steinwagner , R. Teyssier , J. Valiviita , M. Viel , I. A. Zinchenko , H. Domínguez Sánchez

We propose a forecasting approach for solar flares based on data from Solar Cycle 24, taken by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) mission. In particular, we use the Space-weather HMI…

We attempt to forecast M-and X-class solar flares using a machine-learning algorithm, called Support Vector Machine (SVM), and four years of data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory's Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager, the first instrument…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-01-09 Monica G. Bobra , Sebastien Couvidat