Related papers: The Collatz Problem generalized to 3x+k

Nov\'{a}k conjectured in 1974 that for any cyclic Steiner triple systems of order $v$ with $v\equiv 1\pmod{6}$, it is always possible to choose one block from each block orbit so that the chosen blocks are pairwise disjoint. We consider the…

Consider a finite positive integer. If it is even, divide it by 2, and if it is odd, multiply it by 3 and add 1. This will give you a new integer. Following the procedure for the new integer, you will receive another integer. Repeat the…

We prove the exponent $4/3$ for the lattice point discrepancy of a torus in $\mathbb{R}^3$ (generated by the rotation of a circle around the $z$ axis). The exponent comes from a diagonal term and it seems a natural limit for any approach…

The $k$-opt algorithm is one of the simplest and most widely used heuristics for solving the traveling salesman problem. Starting from an arbitrary tour, the $k$-opt algorithm improves the current tour in each iteration by exchanging up to…

The Collatz conjecture implies that an iterated function sequence under a certain linear operator, beginning with a certain complex valued function, must converge to a certain complex function.

We consider the compressible Euler equation with a Coriolis term and prove a lower bound on the time of existence of solutions in terms of the speed of rotation, sound speed and size of the initial data. Along the way, we obtain precise…

We prove moderate deviations bounds for the lower tail of the number of odd cycles in a $\calG(n, m)$ random graph. We show that the probability of decreasing triangle density by $t^3$, is $\exp(-\Theta(n^2 t^2))$ whenever $n^{-3/4} \ll t^3…

Dean conjectured that for each integer $k \ge 3$, every graph with minimum degree at least $k$ has a cycle whose length is divisible by $k$; this conjecture is known to be true for all $k\neq 5$. For $k\in\{3,4\}$, stronger statements are…

We address the question of representativeness of a single long unstable periodic orbit for properties of the chaotic attractor it is embedded in. Y. Saiki and M. Yamada [Phys. Rev. E 79, 015201(R) (2009)] have recently suggested the…

In this paper, we convert Collatz map into a simple conjugate iterative maps defined in [0,1]. Such maps are more familiar to us and easier to deal with. Some new features of this map are observed by this method. An interesting heuristic…

A structured approach for the Collatz conjecture is presented using just the odd integers that are, in turn, divided into categories based on the roles they play such as Starter, Intermediary and Terminal. The expression 4x+1 is used as a…

Define the \emph{Collatz map} $\mathrm{Col} : \mathbb{N}+1 \to \mathbb{N}+1$ on the positive integers $\mathbb{N}+1 = \{1,2,3,\dots\}$ by setting $\mathrm{Col}(N)$ equal to $3N+1$ when $N$ is odd and $N/2$ when $N$ is even, and let…

We present the long sought visual pattern in the Collatz problem with the aid of a logarithmic spiral. Using this newly discovered pattern, we show that the Collatz problem is linked to primes via Jacobsthal numbers. We then prove that no…

Buraczewski et al (2023) proved a functional limit theorem (FLT) and a law of the iterated logarithm (LIL) for a random Dirichlet series $\sum_{k\geq 2}(\log k)^\alpha k^{-1/2-s}\eta_k$ as $s\to 0+$, where $\alpha>-1/2$ and $\eta_1$,…

This paper explores special conditions on the starting value of a Collatz sequence which imply that the Collatz conjecture is true. This is the result of the collaboration of a retired mathematics professor (Koelzer) and a retired physics…

The orbits of the reversible differential system $\dot{x}=-y$, $\dot{y}=x$, $\dot{z}=0$, with $x,y \in R$ and $z\in R^d$, are periodic with the exception of the equilibrium points $(0,0, z)$. We compute the maximum number of limit cycles…

Let a tribonacci sequence be a sequence of integers satisfying $a_k=a_{k-1}+a_{k-2}+a_{k-3}$ for all $k\ge 4$. For any positive integers $k$ and $n$, denote by $f_k(n)$ the number of tribonacci sequences with $a_1, a_2, a_3>0$ and with…

This paper considers random Hill's equations in the limit where the periodic forcing function becomes a Dirac delta function. For this class of equations, the forcing strength $q_k$, the oscillation frequency $\af_k$, and the period are…

We prove results that imply, under various hypotheses, that every elliptic curve over a number field $k$ corresponding to a point on a modular curve has bad reduction at a certain prime $p$ of $\mathcal{O}_k$. For example, every elliptic…

Two conjectures are presented. The first, Conjecture 1, is that the pushforward of a geometric distribution on the integers under $n$ Collatz iterates, modulo $2^p$, is usefully close to uniform distribution on the integers modulo $2^p$, if…