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Graphical security models constitute a well-known, user-friendly way to represent the security of a system. These kinds of models are used by security experts to identify vulnerabilities and assess the security of a system. The manual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Alyzia-Maria Konsta , Beatrice Spiga , Alberto Lluch Lafuente , Nicola Dragoni

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) is critical for mitigating threats to organizations, governments, and institutions, yet the necessary data are often dispersed across diverse formats. AI-driven solutions for CTI Information Extraction (IE)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Olga Sorokoletova , Emanuele Antonioni , Giordano Colò

Knowledge graphs (KGs) have become the preferred technology for representing, sharing and adding knowledge to modern AI applications. While KGs have become a mainstream technology, the RDF/SPARQL-centric toolset for operating with them at…

Cloud computing has changed online communities in three dimensions, which are scalability, adaptability and reduced overhead. But there are serious security concerns which are brought about by its distributed and multi-tenant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Gaurav Sarraf , Vibhor Pal

In recent years, the landscape of software threats has become significantly more dynamic and distributed. Security vulnerabilities are no longer discovered and shared only through formal channels such as public vulnerability databases or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Chengwei Liu , Wenbo Guo , Yuxin Zhang , Limin Wang , Sen Chen , Lei Bu , Yang Liu

Publicly available information contains valuable information for Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI). This can be used to prevent attacks that have already taken place on other systems. Ideally, only the initial attack succeeds and all…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Philipp Kuehn , Mike Schmidt , Markus Bayer , Christian Reuter

Threat modeling plays a critical role in the identification and mitigation of security risks; however, manual approaches are often labor intensive and prone to error. This paper investigates the automation of software threat modeling…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Nicholas Pecka , Lotfi Ben Othmane , Renee Bryce

Source data for computer network security analysis takes different forms (alerts, incidents, logs) and each source may be voluminous. Due to the challenge this presents for data management, this has often lead to security stovepipe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 William Yurcik , Cristina Abad , Ragib Hasan , Moazzam Saleem , Shyama Sridharan

Security situational awareness refers to identifying, mitigating, and preventing digital cyber threats by gathering information to understand the current situation. With awareness, the basis for decisions is present, particularly in complex…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Daniela Pöhn , Heiner Lüken

Open-source software (OSS) is a critical component of modern software systems, yet supply chain security remains challenging in practice due to unavailable or obfuscated source code. Consequently, security teams often rely on runtime…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zhuoran Tan , Ke Xiao , Jeremy Singer , Christos Anagnostopoulos

Cyber threat intelligence (CTI) analysts must answer complex questions over large collections of narrative security reports. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems help language models access external knowledge, but traditional vector…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Dzenan Hamzic , Florian Skopik , Max Landauer , Markus Wurzenberger , Andreas Rauber

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly expanded the attack surface for AI-driven cybersecurity threats, necessitating adaptive defense strategies. This paper introduces CyberSentinel, a unified, single-agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Krti Tallam

This survey investigates how ontologies, semantic log processing, and Large Language Models (LLMs) enhance cybersecurity. Ontologies structure domain knowledge, enabling interoperability, data integration, and advanced threat analysis.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Bruno Lourenço , Pedro Adão , João F. Ferreira , Mario Monteiro Marques , Cátia Vaz

The rapid evolution of cyber threats has highlighted significant gaps in security knowledge integration. Cybersecurity Knowledge Graphs (CKGs) relying on structured data inherently exhibit hysteresis, as the timely incorporation of rapidly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Zijing Xu , Ziwei Ning , Tiancheng Hu , Jianwei Zhuge , Yangyang Wang , Jiahao Cao , Mingwei Xu

The swift spread of fake news and disinformation campaigns poses a significant threat to public trust, political stability, and cybersecurity. Traditional Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) approaches, which rely on low-level indicators such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Domenico Cotroneo , Roberto Natella , Vittorio Orbinato

To address the challenges of internal security policy compliance and dynamic threat response in organizations, we present a novel framework that integrates artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and smart contracts. We propose a system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Lampis Alevizos , Vinh Thong Ta

Analyzing Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) from large volumes of data is critical for drafting and publishing comprehensive CTI reports. This process usually follows a three-stage workflow -- triage, deep search and TI drafting. While Large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiangsen Chen , Xuan Feng , Shuo Chen , Matthieu Maitre , Sudipto Rakshit , Diana Duvieilh , Ashley Picone , Nan Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used for automated code generation. Their reliance on infrequently updated pretraining data leaves them unaware of newly discovered vulnerabilities and evolving security standards, making them prone…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Manisha Mukherjee , Vincent J. Hellendoorn

Understanding the risks associated with an enterprise environment is the first step toward improving its security. Organizations employ various methods to assess and prioritize the risks identified in cyber threat intelligence (CTI) reports…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 David Tayouri , Elad Duani , Abed Showgan , Ofir Manor , Ortal Lavi , Igor Podoski , Miro Ohana , Yuval Elovici , Andres Murillo , Asaf Shabtai , Rami Puzis

With frequently evolving Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) in cyberspace, traditional security solutions approaches have become inadequate for threat hunting for organizations. Moreover, SOC (Security Operation Centers) analysts are often…