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t-Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) is a non-parametric data visualization method in classical machine learning. It maps the data from the high-dimensional space into a low-dimensional space, especially a two-dimensional plane, while…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-10 Yoshiaki Kawase , Kosuke Mitarai , Keisuke Fujii

Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (SNE) is a manifold learning and dimensionality reduction method with a probabilistic approach. In SNE, every point is consider to be the neighbor of all other points with some probability and this probability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-04 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

$t$-SNE is an embedding method that the data science community has widely Two interesting characteristics of t-SNE are the structure preservation property and the answer to the crowding problem, where all neighbors in high dimensional space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Gaëlle Candel , David Naccache

Molecular simulation trajectories represent high-dimensional data. Such data can be visualized by methods of dimensionality reduction. Non-linear dimensionality reduction methods are likely to be more efficient than linear ones due to the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-08-24 Vojtěch Spiwok , Pavel Kříž

Manifold learning is a hot research topic in the field of computer science and has many applications in the real world. A main drawback of manifold learning methods is, however, that there is no explicit mappings from the input data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2010-01-18 Hong Qiao , Peng Zhang , Di Wang , Bo Zhang

Visualization methods based on the nearest neighbor graph, such as t-SNE or UMAP, are widely used for visualizing high-dimensional data. Yet, these approaches only produce meaningful results if the nearest neighbors themselves are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Jan Niklas Böhm , Philipp Berens , Dmitry Kobak

We present a new technique called "DSNE" which learns the velocity embeddings of low dimensional map points when given the high-dimensional data points with its velocities. The technique is a variation of Stochastic Neighbor Embedding,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Songting Shi

Nowadays, as data becomes increasingly complex and distributed, data analyses often involve several related datasets that are stored on different servers and probably owned by different stakeholders. While there is an emerging need to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Jiazhi Xia , Tianxiang Chen , Lei Zhang , Wei Chen , Yang Chen , Xiaolong Zhang , Cong Xie , Tobias Schreck

High-dimensional imaging is becoming increasingly relevant in many fields from astronomy and cultural heritage to systems biology. Visual exploration of such high-dimensional data is commonly facilitated by dimensionality reduction.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Alexander Vieth , Anna Vilanova , Boudewijn Lelieveldt , Elmar Eisemann , Thomas Höllt

Dimensionality reduction methods, also known as projections, are frequently used for exploring multidimensional data in machine learning, data science, and information visualization. Among these, t-SNE and its variants have become very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Mateus Espadoto , Nina S. T. Hirata , Alexandru C. Telea

Feature representation is an important aspect of remote-sensing based image classification. While deep convolutional neural networks are able to effectively amalgamate information, large numbers of parameters often make learned features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Joshua Peeples , Sarah Walker , Connor McCurley , Alina Zare , James Keller , Weihuang Xu

The central goal of this paper is to establish two commonly available dimensionality reduction (DR) methods i.e. t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) and Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) in Matlab and to observe their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Shadman Sakib , Md. Abu Bakr Siddique , Md. Abdur Rahman

With the increasing availability of high-dimensional data, analysts often rely on exploratory data analysis to understand complex data sets. A key approach to exploring such data is dimensionality reduction, which embeds high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Pavlin G. Poličar , Blaž Zupan

In recent years, hyperspectral imaging, also known as imaging spectroscopy, has been paid an increasing interest in geoscience and remote sensing community. Hyperspectral imagery is characterized by very rich spectral information, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Danfeng Hong , Jing Yao , Xin Wu , Jocelyn Chanussot , Xiao Xiang Zhu

The t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) is a powerful and popular method for visualizing high-dimensional data. It minimizes the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between the original and embedded data distributions. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Daniel Jiwoong Im , Nakul Verma , Kristin Branson

During the last decades, we have witnessed a surge of interests of learning a low-dimensional space with discriminative information from one single view. Even though most of them can achieve satisfactory performance in some certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Lin Feng , Xiangzhu Meng , Huibing Wang

A fundamental task in machine learning involves visualizing high-dimensional data sets that arise in high-impact application domains. When considering the context of large imbalanced data, this problem becomes much more challenging. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Parisa Hajibabaee , Farhad Pourkamali-Anaraki , Mohammad Amin Hariri-Ardebili

We consider the problem of simultaneously clustering and learning a linear representation of data lying close to a union of low-dimensional manifolds, a fundamental task in machine learning and computer vision. When the manifolds are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Tianjiao Ding , Shengbang Tong , Kwan Ho Ryan Chan , Xili Dai , Yi Ma , Benjamin D. Haeffele

With the development of information technology, we have witnessed an age of data explosion which produces a large variety of data filled with redundant information. Because dimension reduction is an essential tool which embeds…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Huibing Wang , Jinjia Peng , Xianping Fu

Modern datasets and models are notoriously difficult to explore and analyze due to their inherent high dimensionality and massive numbers of samples. Existing visualization methods which employ dimensionality reduction to two or three…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-01 David M. Chan , Roshan Rao , Forrest Huang , John F. Canny