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In this letter, we study an efficient multi-beam training method for multiuser millimeter-wave communication systems. Unlike the conventional single-beam training method that relies on exhaustive search, multi-beam training design faces a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-08 Weijia Wang , Changsheng You , Xiaodan Shao , Rui Zhang

This paper proposes a deep learning-based beamforming design framework that directly maps a target beam pattern to optimal beamforming vectors across multiple antenna array architectures, including digital, analog, and hybrid beamforming.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Hongpu Zhang , Shu Sun , Hangsong Yan , Jianhua Mo

The high overhead of the beam training process is the main challenge when establishing mmWave communication links, especially for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) scenarios where the channels are highly dynamic. In this paper, we obtain prior…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-17 Yun Chen , Andrew Graff , Nuria González-Prelcic , Takayuki Shimizu

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) channels, which occupy frequency ranges much higher than those being used in previous wireless communications systems, are utilized to meet the increased throughput requirements that come with 5G communications. The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-16 Esen Özbay

Extremely Large-scale Array (ELAA) is considered a frontier technology for future communication systems, pivotal in improving wireless systems' rate and spectral efficiency. As ELAA employs a multitude of antennas operating at higher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Jiali Nie , Yuanhao Cui , Zhaohui Yang , Weijie Yuan , Xiaojun Jing

Employing large antenna arrays is a key characteristic of millimeter wave (mmWave) and terahertz communication systems. Due to the hardware constraints and the lack of channel knowledge, codebook based beamforming/combining is normally…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-13 Yu Zhang , Tawfik Osman , Ahmed Alkhateeb

We investigate the problem of wireless beam tracking on mmWave bands with the assistance of camera images. In particular, based on the user's beam indices used and camera images taken in the trajectory, we predict the optimal beam indices…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Yu Tian , Chenwei Wang

For extremely large-scale arrays (XL-arrays), the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) codebook, conventionally used in the far-field, has recently been employed for near-field beam training. However, most existing methods rely on the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-27 Jiapeng Li , Changsheng You , Guoliang Cheng , Haobin Sun , Chao Zhou , Linglong Dai

Beam alignment is required in millimeter wave communication to ensure high data rate transmission. However, with narrow beamwidth in massive MIMO, beam alignment could be computationally intensive due to the large number of beam pairs to be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-05 Orikumhi Igbafe , Jeongwan Kang , Henk Wymeersch , Sunwoo Kim

Beamforming techniques have been widely used in the millimeter wave (mmWave) bands to mitigate the path loss of mmWave radio links as the narrow straight beams by directionally concentrating the signal energy. However, traditional mmWave…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Kan Zheng , Haojun Yang , Ziqiang Ying , Pengshuo Wang , Lajos Hanzo

This work investigates the use of machine learning applied to the beam tracking problem in 5G networks and beyond. The goal is to decrease the overhead associated to MIMO millimeter wave beamforming. In comparison to beam selection (also…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-10 Ailton Oliveira , Daniel Suzuki , Sávio Bastos , Ilan Correa , Aldebaro Klautau

Accurate and fast beam-alignment is essential to cope with the fast-varying environment in millimeter-wave communications. A data-driven approach is a promising solution to reduce the training overhead by leveraging side information and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-09 Tzu-Hsuan Chou , Nicolo Michelusi , David J. Love , James V. Krogmeier

Communication in high frequencies such as millimeter wave and terahertz suffer from high path-loss and intense shadowing which necessitates beamforming for reliable data transmission. On the other hand, at high frequencies the channels are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Abbas Khalili , Sundeep Rangan , Elza Erkip

In this paper, adaptive training beam sequence design for efficient channel estimation in large millimeter-wave(mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels is considered. By exploiting the sparsity in large mmWave MIMO channels…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-15 Junyeong Seo , Youngchul Sung , Gilwon Lee , Donggun Kim

Collecting an over-the-air wireless communications training dataset for deep learning-based communication tasks is relatively simple. However, labeling the dataset requires expert involvement and domain knowledge, may involve private…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Nasim Soltani , Jifan Zhang , Batool Salehi , Debashri Roy , Robert Nowak , Kaushik Chowdhury

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks offer the potential for high-speed data transfer and precise localization, leveraging large antenna arrays and extensive bandwidths. However, these networks are challenged by significant path loss and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Wan-Ting Shih , Chao-Kai Wen , Shang-Ho Tsai , Shi Jin , Chau Yuen

This paper investigates beam training techniques for near-field (NF) extremely large-scale antenna arrays (ELAAs). Existing NF beam training methods predominantly rely on beam focusing, where the base station (BS) transmits highly spatially…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Ran Li , Ziyi Xu , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

Accurately aligning millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) narrow beams is essential to satisfy reliability and high data rates of 5G and beyond wireless communication systems. However, achieving this objective is difficult,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Tawfik Osman , Gouranga Charan , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Future wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems will integrate both sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands to meet the growing demands for high data rates. MIMO link establishment typically requires accurate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Faruk Pasic , Lukas Eller , Stefan Schwarz , Markus Rupp , Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker

Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication is one feasible solution for high data-rate applications like vehicular-to-everything communication and next generation cellular communication. Configuring mmWave links, which can be done through…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-01 Anum Ali , Nuria González-Prelcic , Robert W. Heath