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When I first encountered PAC-Bayesian concentration inequalities they seemed to me to be rather disconnected from good old-fashioned results like Hoeffding's and Bernstein's inequalities. But, at least for one flavour of the PAC-Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-05-08 Tim van Erven

We present new PAC-Bayesian generalisation bounds for learning problems with unbounded loss functions. This extends the relevance and applicability of the PAC-Bayes learning framework, where most of the existing literature focuses on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-16 Maxime Haddouche , Benjamin Guedj , Omar Rivasplata , John Shawe-Taylor

In this paper, we present a new estimator of the mean of a random vector, computed by applying some threshold function to the norm. Non asymptotic dimension-free almost sub-Gaussian bounds are proved under weak moment assumptions, using…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-14 Olivier Catoni , Ilaria Giulini

In the field of reinforcement learning there has been recent progress towards safety and high-confidence bounds on policy performance. However, to our knowledge, no practical methods exist for determining high-confidence policy performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Daniel S. Brown , Scott Niekum

It is shown that at least 50% of the probability mass of a sum of independent Rademacher random variables is within one standard deviation from its mean. This lower bound is sharp, it is much better than for instance the bound that can be…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-12-22 Martien C. A. van Zuijlen

We propose an extensive analysis of the behavior of majority votes in binary classification. In particular, we introduce a risk bound for majority votes, called the C-bound, that takes into account the average quality of the voters and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-07-30 Pascal Germain , Alexandre Lacasse , François Laviolette , Mario Marchand , Jean-Francis Roy

New Vapnik and Chervonenkis type concentration inequalities are derived for the empirical distribution of an independent random sample. Focus is on the maximal deviation over classes of Borel sets within a low probability region. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-26 Stéphane Lhaut , Anne Sabourin , Johan Segers

We present a new PAC-Bayesian generalization bound. Standard bounds contain a $\sqrt{L_n \cdot \KL/n}$ complexity term which dominates unless $L_n$, the empirical error of the learning algorithm's randomized predictions, vanishes. We manage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Zakaria Mhammedi , Peter D. Grunwald , Benjamin Guedj

PAC-Bayesian learning bounds are of the utmost interest to the learning community. Their role is to connect the generalization ability of an aggregation distribution $\rho$ to its empirical risk and to its Kullback-Leibler divergence with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-24 Pierre Alquier , Benjamin Guedj

This is the guest editors' general introduction to a Special Issue of the Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, dedicated to confidence distributions and related themes. Confidence distributions (CDs) are distributions for…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-25 Nils Lid Hjort , Tore Schweder

The seminal result of Johnson and Lindenstrauss on random embeddings has been intensively studied in applied and theoretical computer science. Despite that vast body of literature, we still lack of complete understanding of statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Maciej Skorski

The notion of confidence distributions is applied to inference about the parameter in a simple autoregressive model, allowing the parameter to take the value one. This makes it possible to compare to asymptotic approximations in both the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-28 Rolf Larsson

We derive a novel PAC-Bayesian generalization bound for reinforcement learning that explicitly accounts for Markov dependencies in the data, through the chain's mixing time. This contributes to overcoming challenges in obtaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Abdelkrim Zitouni , Mehdi Hennequin , Juba Agoun , Ryan Horache , Nadia Kabachi , Omar Rivasplata

This paper revisits a fundamental problem in statistical inference from a non-asymptotic theoretical viewpoint $\unicode{x2013}$ the construction of confidence sets. We establish a finite-sample bound for the estimator, characterizing its…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-03 Lang Liu , Zaid Harchaoui

We show that the unified method recently proposed by Feldman and Cousins to put confidence intervals on bounded parameters cannot avoid the possibility of getting null results. A modified bayesian approach is also proposed (although not…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Bouchez

We give a new proof of VC bounds where we avoid the use of symmetrization and use a shadow sample of arbitrary size. We also improve on the variance term. This results in better constants, as shown on numerical examples. Moreover our bounds…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Olivier Catoni

Recent advances in statistical learning theory have revealed profound connections between mutual information (MI) bounds, PAC-Bayesian theory, and Bayesian nonparametrics. This work introduces a novel mutual information bound for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-18 El Mahdi Khribch , Pierre Alquier

Distance covariance is a quantity to measure the dependence of two random vectors. We show that the original concept introduced and developed by Sz\'{e}kely, Rizzo and Bakirov can be embedded into a more general framework based on symmetric…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-10-24 Björn Böttcher , Martin Keller-Ressel , René L. Schilling

Let $f(\theta, X_1),$ $ \dots,$ $ f(\theta, X_n)$ be a sequence of random elements, where $f$ is a fixed scalar function, $X_1, \dots, X_n$ are independent random variables (data), and $\theta$ is a random parameter distributed according to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Ilja Kuzborskij , Kwang-Sung Jun , Yulian Wu , Kyoungseok Jang , Francesco Orabona

The core of generalization theory was developed for independent observations. Some PAC and PAC-Bayes bounds are available for data that exhibit a temporal dependence. However, there are constants in these bounds that depend on properties of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-12 Vahe Karagulyan , Pierre Alquier