Related papers: Most numbers are not normal

In this paper we present a new proof of the following 2010 result of Dubickas, Novikas, and Siurys: Let $(a,b)\in \mathbb{Z}^2$ and let $(x_n)_{n\ge 0}$ be the sequence defined by some initial values $x_0$ and $x_1$ and the second order…

We prove that for every integer $r\geq 2$, an $n$-vertex $k$-uniform hypergraph $H$ containing no $r$-regular subgraphs has at most $(1+o(1)){{n-1}\choose{k-1}}$ edges if $k\geq r+1$ and $n$ is sufficiently large. Moreover, if…

The theory of regular model sets is highly developed, but does not cover examples such as the visible lattice points, the k-th power-free integers, or related systems. They belong to the class of weak model sets, where the window may have a…

Consider $n$ independent random numbers with a uniform distribution on $[0,1]$. The number of them that exceed their mean is shown to have an Eulerian distribution, i.e., it is described by the Eulerian numbers. This is related to, but…

A coagulation process is studied in a set of random masses, in which two randomly chosen masses and the smallest mass of the set multiplied by some fixed parameter $\omega\in [-1,1]$ are iteratively added. Besides masses (or primary…

We establish quantitative homogenization results for the popular log-normal coefficients. Since the coefficients are neither bounded nor uniformly elliptic, standard proofs do not apply directly. Instead, we take inspiration from the…

We study the space requirements of a sorting algorithm where only items that at the end will be adjacent are kept together. This is equivalent to the following combinatorial problem: Consider a string of fixed length n that starts as a…

We provide a multiple integral representation for each multiple zeta-star value, and utilize these representations to establish a natural order structure on the set of such values. This order structure allows for a one-to-one correspondence…

We study the asymptotic convergence of the partial averaging method, a technique used in conjunction with the random series implementation of the Feynman-Kac formula. We prove asymptotic bounds valid for most series representations in the…

Let $n,k,s$ be three integers and $\beta$ be a sufficiently small positive number such that $k\geq 3$, $0<1/n\ll \beta\ll 1/k$ and $ks+k\leq n\leq (1+\beta)ks+k-2$. A $k$-graph is called non-trivial if it has no isolated vertex. In this…

Given two integers $k\geq 2$ and $a>1$, let $N_k(a)$ stand for the number of multinomial coefficients, with $k$ terms, equal to $a$. We study the behavior of $N_k(a)$ and show that its average and normal orders are equal to $k(k-1)$. We…

We prove independence of normality to different bases We show that the set of real numbers that are normal to some base is Sigma^0_4 complete in the Borel hierarchy of subsets of real numbers. This was an open problem, initiated by…

In the paper we describe some properties of function $$ y=r(x)=\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{1}{n}\sum^{\infty}_{k=1}\alpha_k(x), \text{ where } x=\sum^{\infty}_{k=1}\alpha_k(x)4^{-k} $$ of $4$-adic digits asymptotic mean of fractional part of…

In this short note, we give a proof, conditional on the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, that there exist numbers x which are normal with respect to the continued fraction expansion but not to any base b expansion. This partially answers a…

For every $k\in \mathbb{N}$, we produce a set of integers which is $k$-recurrent but not $(k+1)$-recurrent. This extends a result of Furstenberg who produced a 1-recurrent set which is not 2-recurrent. We discuss a similar result for…

A set ${\cal A} \subseteq \Set{1,...,N}$ is of type $B_2$ if all sums $a+b$, with $a\ge b$, $a,b\in {\cal A}$, are distinct. It is well known that the largest such set is of size asymptotic to $N^{1/2}$. For a $B_2$ set ${\cal A}$ of this…

The objective of this paper is to introduce an approach to the study of the nonasymptotic distribution of prime numbers. The natural numbers are represented by theorem 1 in the matrix form ^2N. The first column of the infinite matrix ^2N…

Let $\lfloor x\rfloor$ denote the integer part of $x$. For every sequence $(C_k)_{k\ge 1}$ of positive integers, we define $\xi(C_k)$ as the smallest real number $\xi>1$ such that $\lfloor \xi^{C_k} \rfloor$ is a prime number for every…

A real number $x$ is absolutely normal if, for every base $b\ge 2$, every two equally long strings of digits appear with equal asymptotic frequency in the base-$b$ expansion of $x$. This paper presents an explicit algorithm that generates…

We define the quantile set of order $\alpha \in \left[ 1/2,1\right) $ associated to a law $P$ on $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ to be the collection of its directional quantiles seen from an observer $O\in \mathbb{R}^{d}$. Under minimal assumptions these…