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The release of open-weight large language models (LLMs) creates a tension between advancing accessible research and preventing misuse, such as malicious fine-tuning to elicit harmful content. Current safety measures struggle to preserve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Debdeep Sanyal , Manodeep Ray , Murari Mandal

Adversarial training is an approach of increasing the robustness of models to adversarial attacks by including adversarial examples in the training set. One major challenge of producing adversarial examples is to contain sufficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Tianjin Huang , Vlado Menkovski , Yulong Pei , Mykola Pechenizkiy

As deep learning models are increasingly deployed in high-risk applications, robust defenses against adversarial attacks and reliable performance guarantees become paramount. Moreover, accuracy alone does not provide sufficient assurance or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jie Bao , Chuangyin Dang , Rui Luo , Hanwei Zhang , Zhixin Zhou

Recent studies show that models trained by continual learning can achieve the comparable performances as the standard supervised learning and the learning flexibility of continual learning models enables their wide applications in the real…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Tao Bai , Chen Chen , Lingjuan Lyu , Jun Zhao , Bihan Wen

Adversarial training of Deep Neural Networks is known to be significantly more data-hungry when compared to standard training. Furthermore, complex data augmentations such as AutoAugment, which have led to substantial gains in standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Sravanti Addepalli , Samyak Jain , R. Venkatesh Babu

Deep Neural Networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Among many defense strategies, adversarial training with untargeted attacks is one of the most effective methods. Theoretically, adversarial perturbation in untargeted attacks can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Pengyue Hou , Jie Han , Xingyu Li

With the widespread use of machine learning, concerns over its security and reliability have become prevalent. As such, many have developed defenses to harden neural networks against adversarial examples, imperceptibly perturbed inputs that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Pratik Vaishnavi , Kevin Eykholt , Amir Rahmati

Adversarial training (AT) is among the most effective techniques to improve model robustness by augmenting training data with adversarial examples. However, most existing AT methods adopt a specific attack to craft adversarial examples,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Yinpeng Dong , Zhijie Deng , Tianyu Pang , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

To protect deep neural networks (DNNs) from adversarial attacks, adversarial training (AT) is developed by incorporating adversarial examples (AEs) into model training. Recent studies show that adversarial attacks disproportionately impact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Fengpeng Li , Kemou Li , Haiwei Wu , Jinyu Tian , Jiantao Zhou

Current adversarial attacks for evaluating the robustness of vision-language pre-trained (VLP) models in multi-modal tasks suffer from limited transferability, where attacks crafted for a specific model often struggle to generalize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Peng-Fei Zhang , Guangdong Bai , Zi Huang

Data mixing augmentation has been widely applied to improve the generalization ability of deep neural networks. Recently, offline data mixing augmentation, e.g. handcrafted and saliency information-based mixup, has been gradually replaced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Huafeng Qin , Xin Jin , Yun Jiang , Mounim A. El-Yacoubi , Xinbo Gao

Adversarial training has emerged as an effective approach to train robust neural network models that are resistant to adversarial attacks, even in low-label regimes where labeled data is scarce. In this paper, we introduce a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Tian Ye , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

The nonuniform and growing impact of adversarial noise across the layers of deep neural networks has been used in the literature, without a formal mathematical justification, to detect adversarial inputs and improve robustness. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Furkan Mumcu , Yasin Yilmaz

Adversarial Training (AT) with Projected Gradient Descent (PGD) is an effective approach for improving the robustness of the deep neural networks. However, PGD AT has been shown to suffer from two main limitations: i) high computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Ahmadreza Jeddi , Mohammad Javad Shafiee , Alexander Wong

Attributing APT (Advanced Persistent Threat) malware to their respective groups is crucial for threat intelligence and cybersecurity. However, APT adversaries often conceal their identities, rendering attribution inherently adversarial.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuxia Sun , Huihong Chen , Jingcai Guo , Aoxiang Sun , Zhetao Li , Haolin Liu

Data augmentation (DA) is a crucial technique for enhancing the sample efficiency of visual reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms. Notably, employing simple observation transformations alone can yield outstanding performance without extra…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Guozheng Ma , Linrui Zhang , Haoyu Wang , Lu Li , Zilin Wang , Zhen Wang , Li Shen , Xueqian Wang , Dacheng Tao

It is shown that many published models for the Stanford Question Answering Dataset (Rajpurkar et al., 2016) lack robustness, suffering an over 50% decrease in F1 score during adversarial evaluation based on the AddSent (Jia and Liang, 2017)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-19 Yicheng Wang , Mohit Bansal

Adversarial training (AT) is a prominent technique employed by deep learning models to defend against adversarial attacks, and to some extent, enhance model robustness. However, there are three main drawbacks of the existing AT-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 X. Peng , D. Zhou , G. Sun , J. Shi , L. Wu

Deep networks are well-known to be fragile to adversarial attacks. We conduct an empirical analysis of deep representations under the state-of-the-art attack method called PGD, and find that the attack causes the internal representation to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Chengzhi Mao , Ziyuan Zhong , Junfeng Yang , Carl Vondrick , Baishakhi Ray

Adversarial training suffers from the issue of robust overfitting, which seriously impairs its generalization performance. Data augmentation, which is effective at preventing overfitting in standard training, has been observed by many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Lin Li , Michael Spratling
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