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Conformal prediction is a non-parametric technique for constructing prediction intervals or sets from arbitrary predictive models under the assumption that the data is exchangeable. It is popular as it comes with theoretical guarantees on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-01 Jase Clarkson , Wenkai Xu , Mihai Cucuringu , Yvik Swan , Gesine Reinert

Econometric applications with multi-way clustering often feature a small number of effective clusters or heavy-tailed data, making standard cluster-robust and bootstrap inference unreliable in finite samples. In this paper, we develop a…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-14 Wenxuan Guo , Panos Toulis , Yuhao Wang

We study finite-horizon optimal switching with discrete intervention dates on a general filtration, allowing continuous-time observations between decision dates, and develop a deep-learning-based dual framework with computable upper bounds.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Junyan Ye , Hoi Ying Wong

A common assumption in semi-supervised learning is that the labeled, unlabeled, and test data are drawn from the same distribution. However, this assumption is not satisfied in many applications. In many scenarios, the data is collected…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Gholamali Aminian , Mahed Abroshan , Mohammad Mahdi Khalili , Laura Toni , Miguel R. D. Rodrigues

Decentralized deep learning requires dealing with non-iid data across clients, which may also change over time due to temporal shifts. While non-iid data has been extensively studied in distributed settings, temporal shifts have received no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Marcus Toftås , Emilie Klefbom , Edvin Listo Zec , Martin Willbo , Olof Mogren

Learning with identical train and test distributions has been extensively investigated both practically and theoretically. Much remains to be understood, however, in statistical learning under distribution shifts. This paper focuses on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Omar Montasser , Han Shao , Emmanuel Abbe

Machine Learning (ML) has been a foundational topic in artificial intelligence (AI), providing both theoretical groundwork and practical tools for its exciting advancements. From ResNet for visual recognition to Transformer for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Zhuo Huang

Time series prediction is often complicated by distribution shift which demands adaptive models to accommodate time-varying distributions. We frame time series prediction under distribution shift as a weighted empirical risk minimisation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Stefanos Bennett , Jase Clarkson

Training machine learning models from data with weak supervision and dataset shifts is still challenging. Designing algorithms when these two situations arise has not been explored much, and existing algorithms cannot always handle the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Pierre Nodet , Vincent Lemaire , Alexis Bondu , Antoine Cornuéjols

While previous distribution shift detection approaches can identify if a shift has occurred, these approaches cannot localize which specific features have caused a distribution shift -- a critical step in diagnosing or fixing any underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Sean Kulinski , Saurabh Bagchi , David I. Inouye

Machine learning has shown much promise in helping improve the quality of medical, legal, and financial decision-making. In these applications, machine learning models must satisfy two important criteria: (i) they must be causal, since the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Carolyn Kim , Osbert Bastani

Many modern causal questions ask how treatments affect complex outcomes that are measured using wearable devices and sensors. Current analysis approaches require summarizing these data into scalar statistics (e.g., the mean), but these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Srikar Katta , Harsh Parikh , Cynthia Rudin , Alexander Volfovsky

Distribution shift is a common situation in machine learning tasks, where the data used for training a model is different from the data the model is applied to in the real world. This issue arises across multiple technical settings: from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Nicolas Acevedo , Carmen Cortez , Chris Brooks , Rene Kizilcec , Renzhe Yu

As input data distributions evolve, the predictive performance of machine learning models tends to deteriorate. In the past, predictive performance was considered the key indicator to monitor. However, explanation aspects have come to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Carlos Mougan , Klaus Broelemann , Gjergji Kasneci , Thanassis Tiropanis , Steffen Staab

Concept drift -- the change of the distribution over time -- poses significant challenges for learning systems and is of central interest for monitoring. Understanding drift is thus paramount, and drift localization -- determining which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Fabian Hinder , Valerie Vaquet , Johannes Brinkrolf , Barbara Hammer

Non-stationarity of an underlying data generating process that leads to distributional changes over time is a key characteristic of Data Streams. This phenomenon, commonly referred to as Concept Drift, has been intensively studied, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Brandon Gower-Winter , Misja Groen , Georg Krempl

Data drift is the change in model input data that is one of the key factors leading to machine learning models performance degradation over time. Monitoring drift helps detecting these issues and preventing their harmful consequences.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Ella Rabinovich , Matan Vetzler , Samuel Ackerman , Ateret Anaby-Tavor

The deep learning approach to detecting malicious software (malware) is promising but has yet to tackle the problem of dataset shift, namely that the joint distribution of examples and their labels associated with the test set is different…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Deqiang Li , Tian Qiu , Shuo Chen , Qianmu Li , Shouhuai Xu

In data streams, the data distribution of arriving observations at different time points may change - a phenomenon called concept drift. While detecting concept drift is a relatively mature area of study, solutions to the uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Anjin Liu , Jie Lu , Guangquan Zhang

National statistical institutes currently investigate how to improve the output quality of official statistics based on machine learning algorithms. A key obstacle is concept drift, i.e., when the joint distribution of independent variables…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-02 Quinten Meertens , Cees Diks , Jaap van den Herik , Frank Takes