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This is a foundational paper in tropical linear algebra, which is linear algebra over the min-plus semiring. We introduce and compare three natural definitions of the rank of a matrix, called the Barvinok rank, the Kapranov rank and the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. Develin , F. Santos , B. Sturmfels

Differential algebraic geometry seeks to extend the results of its algebraic counterpart to objects defined by differential equations. Many notions, such as that of a projective algebraic variety, have close differential analogues but their…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-05-14 William D. Simmons

We introduce tropical complexes, as an enrichment of the dual complex of a degeneration with additional data from non-transverse intersection numbers. We define cycles, divisors, and linear equivalence on tropical complexes, analogous both…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-09-13 Dustin Cartwright

Classical dimensional analysis is one of the cornerstones of qualitative physics and is also used in the analysis of engineering systems, for example in engineering design. The basic power product relationship in dimensional analysis is…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-04-25 M. A. Atherton , R. A. Bates , H. P. Wynn

We introduce new discrete best approximation problems, formulated and solved in the framework of tropical algebra, which deals with semirings and semifields with idempotent addition. Given a set of samples, each consisting of the input and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-09-19 Nikolai Krivulin

In this paper we study a construction of algebraic curves from combinatorial data. In the study of algebraic curves through degeneration, graphs usually appear as the dual intersection graph of the central fiber. Properties of such graphs…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-05-03 Takeo Nishinou

We study the notion of degeneration for affine schemes associated to systems of algebraic differential equations with coefficients in the fraction field of a multivariate formal power series ring. In order to do this, we use an integral…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-09-20 Lara Bossinger , Sebastian Falkensteiner , Cristhian Garay-López , Marc Paul Noordman

Tropical Geometry and Mathematical Morphology share the same max-plus and min-plus semiring arithmetic and matrix algebra. In this chapter we summarize some of their main ideas and common (geometric and algebraic) structure, generalize and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Petros Maragos , Emmanouil Theodosis

Extreme value statistics is the max analogue of classical statistics, while tropical geometry is the max analogue of classical geometry. In this paper, we review recent work where insights from tropical geometry were used to develop new,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-22 Ngoc M Tran

In recent years a series of remarkable advances in tropical geometry and in non-archimedean geometry have brought new insights to the moduli theory of algebraic curves and their Jacobians. The goal of this survey, an expanded version of my…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-09-27 Lucia Caporaso

In this article we present pictorially the foundation of differential geometry which is a crucial tool for multiple areas of physics, notably general and special relativity, but also mechanics, thermodynamics and solving differential…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-09-26 Jonathan Gratus

In this survey, we discuss linear series on tropical curves and their relation to classical algebraic geometry, describe the main techniques of the subject, and survey some of the recent major developments in the field, with an emphasis on…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-09-08 Matthew Baker , David Jensen

Tropical algebra is an emerging field with a number of applications in various areas of mathematics. In many of these applications appeal to tropical polynomials allows to study properties of mathematical objects such as algebraic varieties…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-05 Dima Grigoriev , Vladimir V. Podolskii

We introduce the semiring of values $\Gamma$ with respect to the tropical operations associated to an algebroid curve. As a set, $\Gamma$ determines and is determined by the well known semigroup of values $S$ and we prove that $\Gamma$ is…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-02-22 Emilio Carvalho , Marcelo Escudeiro Hernandes

A new field of discrete differential geometry is presently emerging on the border between differential and discrete geometry. Whereas classical differential geometry investigates smooth geometric shapes (such as surfaces), and discrete…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-11-19 Alexander I. Bobenko , Yuri B. Suris

This paper supplements [17], showing that categorically the layered theory is the same as the theory of ordered monoids (e.g. the max-plus algebra) used in tropical mathematics. A layered theory is developed in the context of categories,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2012-07-17 Zur Izhakian , Manfred Knebusch , Louis Rowen

A very brief introduction to tropical and idempotent mathematics is presented. Tropical mathematics can be treated as a result of a dequantization of the traditional mathematics as the Planck constant tends to zero taking imaginary values.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2012-09-11 G. L. Litvinov

The tropical semiring is an algebraic system with addition ``$\max$'' and multiplication ``$+$''. As well as in conventional algebra, linear programming in the tropical semiring has been developed. In this study, we introduce a new type of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Yuki Nishida

This paper establishes the basis of the quaternionic differential geometry ($\mathbbm H$DG) initiated in a previous article. The usual concepts of curves and surfaces are generalized to quaternionic constraints, as well as the curvature and…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Sergio Giardino

We introduce perfect resolving algebras and study their fundamental properties. These algebras are basic for our theory of differential graded schemes, as they give rise to affine differential graded schemes. We also introduce etale…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kai Behrend