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Related papers: Gaps in the fractional parts of square roots

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The fractal properties of models of randomly placed $n$-dimensional spheres ($n$=1,2,3) are studied using standard techniques for calculating fractal dimensions in empirical data (the box counting and Minkowski-sausage techniques). Using…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 Daniel A. Hamburger , Ofer Biham , David Avnir

A region of two-dimensional space has been filled randomly with large number of growing circular discs allowing only a `slight' overlapping among them just before their growth stop. More specifically, each disc grows from a nucleation…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2014-03-11 Abhijit Chakraborty , S. S. Manna

We explain the triangular gaps observed experimentally in the most popular sizes of the $h$-fold iterated sumset, $hA,$ when $A$ is a randomly chosen four-element subset of the first $q$ natural numbers, for $q$ much larger than $h.$

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-06 Steven Senger

Many classical identities arise from nothing more mysterious than looking at the same object in two different ways. A number, a function, or a combinatorial object may admit several natural decompositions, and by disassembling it in one way…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Nikita Kalinin , Takao Komatsu

The precise theoretical characterization of a fractionalized phase in spatial dimensions higher than one is through the concept of ``topological order''. We describe a physical effect that is a robust and direct consequence of this hidden…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-10-31 T. Senthil , Matthew P. A. Fisher

Fractional, anomalous diffusion in space-periodic potentials is investigated. The analytical solution for the effective, fractional diffusion coefficient in an arbitrary periodic potential is obtained in closed form in terms of two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-02-02 E. Heinsalu , M. Patriarca , I. Goychuk , P. Hanggi

The gaps in the sequence $\{\sqrt{n}\}$ were shown by Elkies-McMullen (2004) to have a limiting distribution which is not the exponential distribution. However it is conjectured that the distribution of gaps in the sequence…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-05-21 Christopher Lutsko

Rational approximations to a square root $\sqrt{k}$ can be produced by iterating the transformation $f(x) = (dx+k)/(x+d)$ starting from $\infty$ for any positive integer $d$. We show that these approximations coincide infinitely often with…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-22 Evan O'Dorney

In this paper we determine the asymptotic density of coprime fractions in those of the reduced fractions of number fields. When ordered by norms of denominators, we count a fraction as soon as it ``appears'' for the first time and no later.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-28 Walter Bridges , Johann Franke , Johann Christian Stumpenhusen

Let n points be taken at random on a circle of unit circumference and clockwise ordered. Uniform spacings are defined as the clockwise arc-lengths between the successive points from this sample. We are interested in the asymptotic behavior…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-16 Sherzod M. Mirakhmedov

Let $X_1,X_2, \ldots $ be independent random uniform points in a bounded domain $A \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ with smooth boundary. Define the coverage threshold $R_n$ to be the smallest $r$ such that $A$ is covered by the balls of radius $r$…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-01-12 Mathew D. Penrose

The dynamical system generated by the iterated calculation of the high order gaps between neighboring terms of a sequence of natural numbers is remarkable and only incidentally characterized at the boundary by the notable Proth-Glibreath…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-11 Raghavendra N. Bhat , Cristian Cobeli , Alexandru Zaharescu

We study short intervals which contain an ``almost square'', an integer $n$ that can be factored as $n = ab$ with $a$, $b$ close to $\sqrt{n}$. This is related to the problem on distribution of $n^2 \alpha \pmod 1$ and the problem on gaps…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-26 Tsz Ho Chan

We improve by an exponential factor the best known asymptotic upper bound for the density of sets avoiding 1 in Euclidean space. This result is obtained by a combination of an analytic bound that is an analogue of Lovasz theta number and of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-01-30 Christine Bachoc , Alberto Passuello , Alain Thiery

We study the first occurrences of gaps between primes in the arithmetic progression (P): $r$, $r+q$, $r+2q$, $r+3q,\ldots,$ where $q$ and $r$ are coprime integers, $q>r\ge1$. The growth trend and distribution of the first-occurrence gap…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-22 Alexei Kourbatov , Marek Wolf

Simple random coverage models, well studied in Euclidean space, can also be defined on a general compact metric space. By analogy with the geometric models, and with the discrete coupon collector's problem and with cover times for finite…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-02-01 David J. Aldous

A class of subharmonic functions are proved to have the growth estimates $u(x)= o(x_n^{1-\frac{\alpha}{p}}|x|^{\frac{\gamma}{p}+\frac{n-1}{q}-n+\frac{\alpha}{p}})$ at infinity in the upper half space of ${\bf R}^{n}$, which generalizes the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2008-11-14 Pan Guoshuang , Deng Guantie

Geometric properties of $N$ random points distributed independently and uniformly on the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^{d}\subset\mathbb{R}^{d+1}$ with respect to surface area measure are obtained and several related conjectures are posed. In…

This work addresses problems on simultaneous Diophantine approximation on fractals, motivated by a long standing problem of Mahler regarding Cantor's middle $1/3$ set. We obtain the first instances where a complete analogue of Khintchine's…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-11-11 Osama Khalil , Manuel Luethi

Let $A$ be a matrix whose columns $X_1,\dots, X_N$ are independent random vectors in $\mathbb{R}^n$. Assume that the tails of the 1-dimensional marginals decay as $\mathbb{P}(|\langle X_i, a\rangle|\geq t)\leq t^{-p}$ uniformly in $a\in…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-09-09 Olivier Guédon , Alexander E. Litvak , Alain Pajor , Nicole Tomczak-Jaegermann