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We present an ideal mixed-integer programming (MIP) formulation for a rectified linear unit (ReLU) appearing in a trained neural network. Our formulation requires a single binary variable and no additional continuous variables beyond the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-04 Ross Anderson , Joey Huchette , Christian Tjandraatmadja , Juan Pablo Vielma

The recent performance improvements in mixed-integer programming (MIP) have been accompanied by a significantly increased complexity of the codes of MIP solvers, which poses challenges in fixing implementation errors. In this paper, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-17 Alexander Hoen , Dominik Kamp , Ambros Gleixner

Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) is essential for modeling complex decision-making problems but faces challenges in computational tractability and requires expert formulation. Current deep learning approaches for MILP focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Sirui Li , Janardhan Kulkarni , Ishai Menache , Cathy Wu , Beibin Li

In this paper, we propose novel mixed-integer linear programming (MIP) formulations to model decision problems posed as influence diagrams. We also present a novel heuristic that can be employed to warm start the MIP solver, as well as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Helmi Hankimaa , Olli Herrala , Fabricio Oliveira , Jaan Tollander de Balsch

Mixed-integer optimisation problems can be computationally challenging. Here, we introduce and analyse two efficient algorithms with a specific sequential design that are aimed at dealing with sampled problems within this class. At each…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Mohammadreza Chamanbaz , Roland Bouffanais

This paper explores reoptimization techniques for solving sequences of similar mixed integer programs (MIPs) more effectively. Traditionally, these MIPs are solved independently, without capitalizing on information from previously solved…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-26 Krunal Kishor Patel

Embedding deep neural networks (NNs) into mixed-integer programs (MIPs) is attractive for decision making with learned constraints, yet state-of-the-art monolithic linearisations blow up in size and quickly become intractable. In this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-13 Shuli Zeng , Sijia Zhang , Feng Wu , Shaojie Tang , Xiang-Yang Li

Several recent publications report advances in training optimal decision trees (ODT) using mixed-integer programs (MIP), due to algorithmic advances in integer programming and a growing interest in addressing the inherent suboptimality of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Haoran Zhu , Pavankumar Murali , Dzung T. Phan , Lam M. Nguyen , Jayant R. Kalagnanam

A recent Graph Neural Network (GNN) approach for learning to branch has been shown to successfully reduce the running time of branch-and-bound algorithms for Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). While the GNN relies on a GPU for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Prateek Gupta , Maxime Gasse , Elias B. Khalil , M. Pawan Kumar , Andrea Lodi , Yoshua Bengio

Over the past few decades, neuroscience experiments have become increasingly complex and naturalistic. Experimental design has in turn become more challenging, as experiments must conform to an ever-increasing diversity of design…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-12-07 Storm Slivkoff , Jack L. Gallant

Sparse variable selection improves interpretability and generalization in high-dimensional learning by selecting a small subset of informative features. Recent advances in Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) have enabled solving large-scale…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-28 Petros Prastakos , Kayhan Behdin , Rahul Mazumder

Machine Learning models are increasingly used for decision making, in particular in high-stakes applications such as credit scoring, medicine or recidivism prediction. However, there are growing concerns about these models with respect to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Julien Rouzot , Julien Ferry , Marie-José Huguet

Augmentation methods for mixed-integer (linear) programs are a class of primal solution approaches in which a current iterate is augmented to a better solution or proved optimal. It is well known that the performance of these methods, i.e.,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-10-20 Pierre Le Bodic , Jeffrey W. Pavelka , Marc E. Pfetsch , Sebastian Pokutta

We present a new mixed-integer programming (MIP) approach for offline multiple change-point detection by casting the problem as a globally optimal piecewise linear (PWL) fitting problem. Our main contribution is a family of strengthened MIP…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Apoorva Narula , Santanu S. Dey , Yao Xie

Modern Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) solvers use the Branch-and-Bound algorithm together with a plethora of auxiliary components that speed up the search. In recent years, there has been an explosive development in the use of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-28 Lara Scavuzzo , Karen Aardal , Neil Yorke-Smith

In an era where symbolic mathematical equations are indispensable for modeling complex natural phenomena, scientific inquiry often involves collecting observations and translating them into mathematical expressions. Recently, deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Kazem Meidani , Parshin Shojaee , Chandan K. Reddy , Amir Barati Farimani

Mixed-integer optimization solvers often find optimal solutions early in the search, yet spend the majority of computation time proving optimality. We exploit this by learning when to terminate solvers early on distributions of similar…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Stefan Clarke , Bartolomeo Stellato

Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) stands as a notable NP-hard problem pivotal to numerous crucial industrial applications. The development of effective algorithms, the tuning of solvers, and the training of machine learning models for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Haoyu Wang , Jialin Liu , Xiaohan Chen , Xinshang Wang , Pan Li , Wotao Yin

Besides training, mathematical optimization is also used in deep learning to model and solve formulations over trained neural networks for purposes such as verification, compression, and optimization with learned constraints. However,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Jiatai Tong , Junyang Cai , Thiago Serra

Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP), a widely used modeling framework for combinatorial optimization, are central to many scientific and engineering applications, yet remains computationally challenging at scale. Recent advances in deep…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Peixin Huang , Yaoxin Wu , Yining Ma , Cathy Wu , Wen Song , Wei Zhang