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Switchbacks are sudden and large deflections in the magnetic field that Parker Solar Probe frequently observes in the inner heliosphere. Their ubiquitous occurrence has prompted numerous studies to determine their nature and origin. Our…

Switchbacks are rapid magnetic field reversals that last from seconds to hours. Current Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations pose many open questions in regard to the nature of switchbacks. For example, are they stable as they propagate…

Recent near-sun solar-wind observations from Parker Solar Probe have found a highly dynamic magnetic environment, permeated by abrupt radial-field reversals, or "switchbacks." We show that many features of the observed turbulence are…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-03-04 Jonathan Squire , Benjamin D. G. Chandran , Romain Meyrand

In this letter we report observations of magnetic switchback (SB) features near 1 au using data from the \emph{Wind} spacecraft. These features appear to be strikingly similar to the ones observed by the Parker Solar Probe mission (PSP)…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-29 S. Bourouaine , J. C. Perez , N. E. Raouafi , B. D. Chandran , S. D. Bale , M. Velli

The S-shaped magnetic structure in the solar wind formed by the twisting of magnetic field lines is called a switchback, whose main characteristics are the reversal of the magnetic field and the significant increase in the solar wind radial…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-21 Mingming Meng , Ying D. Liu , Chong Chen , Rui Wang

During Parker Solar Probe's first two orbits there are widespread observations of rapid magnetic field reversals known as switchbacks. These switchbacks are extensively found in the near-Sun solar wind, appear to occur in patches, and have…

Parker Solar Probe's first encounters with the Sun revealed the presence of ubiquitous localised magnetic deflections in the inner heliosphere; these structures, often called switchbacks, are particularly striking in solar wind streams…

We provide a simple geometric explanation for the source of switchbacks and associated large and one-sided transverse flows in the solar wind observed by Parker Solar Probe. The more radial, Sub-Parker Spiral structure of the heliospheric…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-17 N. A. Schwadron , D. J. McComas

An outstanding gap in our knowledge of the solar wind is the relationship between switchbacks and solar wind turbulence. Switchbacks are large fluctuations, even reversals, of the background magnetic field embedded in the solar wind flow.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-05 Peter Tatum , David Malaspina , Alexandros Chasapis , Benjamin Short

Alfv\'enicity is a well-known property, common in the solar wind, characterized by a high correlation between magnetic and velocity fluctuations. Data from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) enable the study of this property closer to the Sun…

We analyze \emph{Parker Solar Probe} and \emph{Solar Orbiter} measurements of magnetic-field reversals (``switchbacks'') across the Alfv\'en surface ($M_a\simeq 1$), where $M_a$ is the Alfv\'en Mach number. The reported ``sub-Alfv\'enic…

Parker Solar Probe (PSP) routinely observes magnetic field deflections in the solar wind at distances less than 0.3 au from the Sun. These deflections are related to structures commonly called 'switchbacks' (SBs), whose origins and…

We use \emph{Parker Solar Probe} (\emph{PSP}) in-situ measurements to analyze the characteristics of solar wind turbulence during the first solar encounter covering radial distances between $35.7R_\odot$ and $41.7R_\odot$. In our analysis…

Parker Solar Probe (PSP) entered a region of the sub-Alfvenic solar wind during encounter 8 and we present the first detailed analysis of low-frequency turbulence properties in this novel region. The magnetic field and flow velocity vectors…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-08 G. P. Zank , L. -L. Zhao , L. Adhikri , D. Telloni , J. C. Kasper , M. Stevens , A. Rahmati , S. D. Bale

We present a solitary Alfv\'en wave model that exhibits nontrivial three-dimensional twisting of open magnetic field lines while preserving constant $|B|$. Embedded rotational discontinuities sharply deflect the otherwise uniform field…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Zesen Huang , Marco Velli , Yuliang Ding

We make use of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) data to explore the nature of solar wind turbulence focusing on the Alfv\'enic character and power spectra of the fluctuations and their dependence on distance and context (i.e. large scale solar…

Magnetic switchbacks are distinct magnetic structures characterized by their abrupt reversal in the radial component of the magnetic field within the pristine solar wind. Switchbacks are believed to lose magnetic energy with heliocentric…

The magnetic switchbacks observed recently by the Parker Solar Probe have raised the question about their nature and origin. One of the competing theories of their origin is the interchange reconnection in the solar corona. In this…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-23 Norbert Magyar , Dominik Utz , Robertus Erdélyi , Valery M. Nakariakov

The solar wind shows periods of highly Alfv\'enic activity, where velocity fluctuations and magnetic fluctuations are aligned or anti-aligned with each other. It is generally agreed that solar wind plasma velocity and magnetic field…