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Related papers: Universal Approximation in Dropout Neural Networks

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Deep neural networks have become the default choice for many of the machine learning tasks such as classification and regression. Dropout, a method commonly used to improve the convergence of deep neural networks, generates an ensemble of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-11 Tal Kachman , Michal Moshkovitz , Michal Rosen-Zvi

Neural networks (NNs) are known for their high predictive accuracy in complex learning problems. Beside practical advantages, NNs also indicate favourable theoretical properties such as universal approximation (UA) theorems. Binarized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Mikail Yayla , Mario Günzel , Burim Ramosaj , Jian-Jia Chen

Modifications to a neural network's input and output layers are often required to accommodate the specificities of most practical learning tasks. However, the impact of such changes on architecture's approximation capabilities is largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Anastasis Kratsios , Eugene Bilokopytov

Neural network based approximate computing is a universal architecture promising to gain tremendous energy-efficiency for many error resilient applications. To guarantee the approximation quality, existing works deploy two neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-19 Zhenghao Peng , Xuyang Chen , Chengwen Xu , Naifeng Jing , Xiaoyao Liang , Cewu Lu , Li Jiang

In order to develop complex relationships between their inputs and outputs, deep neural networks train and adjust large number of parameters. To make these networks work at high accuracy, vast amounts of data are needed. Sometimes, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Joshua Shunk

We study the approximation properties of neural ordinary differential equations (neural ODEs) in the space of continuous functions. Since a neural ODE requires input and output dimensions to be the same, while input and output dimensions of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Arturo De Marinis , Davide Murari , Elena Celledoni , Nicola Guglielmi , Brynjulf Owren , Francesco Tudisco

Dropout and DropConnect are well-known techniques that apply a consistent drop rate to randomly deactivate neurons or edges in a neural network layer during training. This paper introduces a novel methodology that assigns dynamic drop rates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Yuan-Chih Yang , Hung-Hsuan Chen

It is well known that Artificial Neural Networks are universal approximators. The classical result proves that, given a continuous function on a compact set on an n-dimensional space, then there exists a one-hidden-layer feedforward network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Rocio Gonzalez-Diaz , Miguel A. Gutiérrez-Naranjo , Eduardo Paluzo-Hidalgo

We study feedforward neural networks with inputs from a topological vector space (TVS-FNNs). Unlike traditional feedforward neural networks, TVS-FNNs can process a broader range of inputs, including sequences, matrices, functions and more.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Vugar Ismailov

A neural network computes a function. A central property of neural networks is that they are "universal approximators:" for a given continuous function, there exists a neural network that can approximate it arbitrarily well, given enough…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Arthur Choi , Ruocheng Wang , Adnan Darwiche

This work studies approximation based on single-hidden-layer feedforward and recurrent neural networks with randomly generated internal weights. These methods, in which only the last layer of weights and a few hyperparameters are optimized,…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-02-17 Lukas Gonon , Lyudmila Grigoryeva , Juan-Pablo Ortega

Universal approximation theorems establish the expressive capacity of neural network architectures. For dynamical systems, existing results are limited to finite time horizons or systems with a globally stable equilibrium, leaving…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Abel Sagodi , Il Memming Park

This paper studies the universal approximation property of deep neural networks for representing probability distributions. Given a target distribution $\pi$ and a source distribution $p_z$ both defined on $\mathbb{R}^d$, we prove under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Yulong Lu , Jianfeng Lu

An important problem in training deep networks with high capacity is to ensure that the trained network works well when presented with new inputs outside the training dataset. Dropout is an effective regularization technique to boost the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Mostafa Rahmani , George Atia

This paper studies Dropout Graph Neural Networks (DropGNNs), a new approach that aims to overcome the limitations of standard GNN frameworks. In DropGNNs, we execute multiple runs of a GNN on the input graph, with some of the nodes randomly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Pál András Papp , Karolis Martinkus , Lukas Faber , Roger Wattenhofer

We analyze dropout in deep networks with rectified linear units and the quadratic loss. Our results expose surprising differences between the behavior of dropout and more traditional regularizers like weight decay. For example, on some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-21 David P. Helmbold , Philip M. Long

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are important class of architectures among neural networks useful for language modeling and sequential prediction. However, optimizing RNNs is known to be harder compared to feed-forward neural networks. A…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-29 Konrad Zolna , Devansh Arpit , Dendi Suhubdy , Yoshua Bengio

The universal approximation theorem is generalised to uniform convergence on the (noncompact) input space $\mathbb{R}^n$. All continuous functions that vanish at infinity can be uniformly approximated by neural networks with one hidden…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Teun D. H. van Nuland

We show that a neural network whose output is obtained as the difference of the outputs of two feedforward networks with exponential activation function in the hidden layer and logarithmic activation function in the output node (LSE…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Giuseppe C. Calafiore , Stephane Gaubert , Member , Corrado Possieri

We propose a combinatorial and graph-theoretic theory of dropout by modeling training as a random walk over a high-dimensional graph of binary subnetworks. Each node represents a masked version of the network, and dropout induces stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Sahil Rajesh Dhayalkar