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This book concerns the metasemantics of quantum mechanics (QM). Roughly, it pursues an investigation at the intersection of philosophy of physics and philosophy of language, and it offers a critical analysis of rival explanations of the…
A class of parametric functions formed by alternating compositions of multivariate polynomials and rectification style monomial maps is studied (the layer-wise exponents are treated as fixed hyperparameters and are not optimized). For this…
This text is devoted to the theory of varieties, which provides an important tool, based in universal algebra, for the classification of regular languages. In the introductory section, we present a number of examples that illustrate and…
Type qualifiers offer a lightweight mechanism for enriching existing type systems to enforce additional, desirable, program invariants. They do so by offering a restricted but effective form of subtyping. While the theory of type qualifiers…
Sufficiency, Conditionality and Invariance are basic principles of statistical inference. Current mathematical statistics courses do not devote much teaching time to these classical principles, and even ignore the latter two, in order to…
In this work we generalize standard Decision Theory by assuming that two outcomes can also be incomparable. Two motivating scenarios show how incomparability may be helpful to represent those situations where, due to lack of information,…
Form-invariance (covariance) and frame-indifference (objectivity) are two notions in classical continuum mechanics which have attracted much attention and controversy over the past decades. Particularly in turbulence modelling it seems that…
Dung's abstract argumentation theory is a widely used formalism to model conflicting information and to draw conclusions in such situations. Hereby, the knowledge is represented by so-called argumentation frameworks (AFs) and the reasoning…
Human knowledge is subject to uncertainties, imprecision, incompleteness and inconsistencies. Moreover, the meaning of many everyday terms is dependent on the context. That poses a huge challenge for the Semantic Web. This paper introduces…
We reconsider cosmological perturbation theory for multi-component scalars, enforcing covariance in field-space, and ensuring that phyical observations are independent of field re-definitions. We use the formalism to clarify some issues in…
The goal of invariant theory is to find all the generators for the algebra of representations of a group that leave the group invariant. Such generators will be called \emph{basic invariants}. In particular, we set out to find the set of…
We introduce a simple property, affine invariance, which characterizes within the class of fuzzy topological spaces those which are induced from an underlying topology on the space. We illustrate it by considering the simple notions of…
The article introduces the concept of uniformity, which is formulated as a scheme of axioms. The connection of this concept with ordered sets is studied. The effectiveness of using axiom schemes as a convenient and short way of replacing…
We argue that string theory should have a formulation for which stability and causality are evident. Rather than regard strings as fundamental objects, we suggest they should be regarded as composite systems of more fundamental point-like…
The aim of Part II is to explore the technique of invariance of tautological equations in the realm of Gromov--Witten theory. The main result is a proof of Invariance Theorem (Invariance Conjecture~1 in [14]), via the techniques from…
Forking is a central notion of model theory, generalizing linear independence in vector spaces and algebraic independence in fields. We develop the theory of forking in abstract, category-theoretic terms, for reasons both practical (we…
We propose a general framework for inconsistency-tolerant query answering within existential rule setting. This framework unifies the main semantics proposed by the state of art and introduces new ones based on cardinality and majority…
Two types of explanations have been receiving increased attention in the literature when analyzing the decisions made by classifiers. The first type explains why a decision was made and is known as a sufficient reason for the decision, also…
We propose fundamental scale invariance as a new theoretical principle beyond renormalizability. Quantum field theories with fundamental scale invariance admit a scale-free formulation of the functional integral and effective action in…
The paper aims to establish a convenient formal framework for investigating the phenomenon of scheme definiteness, exemplified by first-order internal categoricity as studied by V\"a\"an\"anen, among others. To this end, we introduce the…