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Global-scale quantum communication networks will require efficient long-distance distribution of quantum signals. Optical fibre communication channels have range constraints due to exponential losses in the absence of quantum memories and…

Space-based distribution of quantum entanglement will be essential for global quantum networking and secure communications. Modelling and analysis of the performance of satellite entanglement pair distribution is important for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Jasminder S. Sidhu , Sarah E. McCarthy , Cameron Paterson , Daniel K. L. Oi

Satellite quantum communications are emerging within the panorama of quantum technologies as a more effective strategy to distribute completely-secure keys at very long distances, therefore playing an important role in the architecture of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-20 Stefano Pirandola

In satellite-based quantum key distribution (QKD), the number of secret bits that can be generated in a single satellite pass over the ground station is severely restricted by the pass duration and the free-space optical channel loss. High…

The security of real-world quantum key distribution (QKD) critically depends on the number of data points the system can collect in a fixed time interval. To date, state-of-the-art finite-key security analyses require block lengths in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-26 Charles Ci-Wen Lim , Feihu Xu , Jian-Wei Pan , Artur Ekert

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows the generation of cryptographic keys beyond the computational hardness paradigm and is befitting for secure data transmission requiring long-term security. The communication distance of fibre-based QKD,…

With the goal of a space-based quantum network is to have satellites distribute keys between any nodes on the ground, we consider an evolved quantum network from a near-term form, in which a space-based relay, satellite executes a sequence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-11 Xingyu Wang , Chen Dong , Jiahua Wei , Tianyi Wu , Taoyong Li , Huicun Yu , Lei Shi , Shanghong Zhao

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has the potential to improve communications security by offering cryptographic keys whose security relies on the fundamental properties of quantum physics. The use of a trusted quantum receiver on an orbiting…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cryptographic method enabling two parties to establish a private encryption key. The range of communication of ground-based QKD is limited to an order of 100km, due to in-fibre attenuations and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-04 Olivia Lee , Tom Vergoossen

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a family of protocols for growing a private encryption key between two parties. Despite much progress, all ground-based QKD approaches have a distance limit due to atmospheric losses or in-fibre…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-28 Robert Bedington , Juan Miguel Arrazola , Alexander Ling

The Micius satellite is the pioneering initiative to demonstrate quantum teleportation, entanglement distribution, quantum key distribution (QKD), and quantum-secured communications experiments at the global scale. In this work, we report…

The establishment of a world-wide quantum communication network relies on the synergistic integration of satellite-based links and fiber-based networks. The first are helpful for long-distance communication, as the photon losses introduced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-04 Carlo Liorni , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

Quantum key distribution (QKD) takes advantage of fundamental properties of quantum physics to allow two distant parties to share a secret key; however, QKD is hampered by a distance limitation of a few hundred kilometers on earth. The most…

Satellite-based quantum communications represent a critical advancement in the pursuit of secure, global-scale quantum networks. Leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics, these systems offer unparalleled security through Quantum Key…

Optical quantum communication utilizing satellite platforms has the potential to extend the reach of quantum key distribution (QKD) from terrestrial limits of ~200 km to global scales. We have developed a thorough numerical simulation using…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) via geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites offers a compelling route to continuous, continental-scale secure communications. However, operation in this regime entails extreme channel loss and significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Vaisakh Mannalath , Víctor Zapatero , Marcos Curty

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a method of ensuring security using the laws of physics, avoiding the risks inherent in cryptosystems protected by computational complexity. Here we investigate the feasibility of satellite-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-03 Peide Zhang , Jaya Sagar , Elliott Hastings , Milan Stefko , Siddarth Joshi , John Rarity

A quantum network provides an infrastructure connecting quantum devices with revolutionary computing, sensing, and communication capabilities. As the best-known application of a quantum network, quantum key distribution (QKD) shares secure…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses individual light quanta in quantum superposition states to guarantee unconditional communication security between distant parties. In practice, the achievable distance for QKD has been limited to a few…

Establishing secure communication links at a global scale is a major potential application of quantum information science but also extremely challenging for the underlying technology. While milestone experiments using satellite-to-ground…

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