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Quantum key distribution is an effective encryption technique which can be used to perform secure quantum communication between satellite and ground stations. Quantum cryptography enhances security in various networks such as optical fibers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-20 Vishal Sharma , Subhashish Banerjee

In this paper we present a novel analysis of the feasibility of quantum key distribution between a LEO satellite and a ground station. First of all, we study signal propagation through a turbulent atmosphere for uplinks and downlinks,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Cristian Bonato , Andrea Tomaello , Vania Da Deppo , Giampiero Naletto , Paolo Villoresi

The ultra-secure quantum network leverages quantum cryptography to deliver unsurpassed data transfer security. In principle, the well-known quantum key distribution (QKD) achieves unconditional security, which raises concerns about the…

Global scale quantum communication links will form the backbone of the quantum internet. However, exponential loss in optical fibres precludes any realistic application beyond few hundred kilometres. Quantum repeaters and space-based…

Space-based entanglement distribution has the potential to extend the range of quantum communication beyond that achievable through optical fibres that are constrained by exponential losses. Quantum repeaters have been proposed to mitigate…

Quantum computing poses significant threats to conventional cryptographic techniques such as RSA and AES, motivating the need for quantum secure communication methods. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) offers information theoretic security…

Distributing secret keys with information-theoretic security is arguably one of the most important achievements of the field of quantum information processing and communications. The rapid progress in this field has enabled quantum key…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) theoretically provides unconditional security between remote parties. However, guaranteeing practical security through device characterisation alone is challenging in real-world implementations due to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Hao Dong , Cong Jiang , Di Ma , Chi Zhang , Jia Huang , Hao Li , Li-Xing You , Yang Liu , Xiang-Bin Wang , Qiang Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

Quantum satellite communication (QSC) is emerging as a strategic technology for secure global networking and long-distance quantum connectivity. This review prioritizes the major challenges that still hinder large-scale deployment,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Omar Alnaseri , Yassine Himeur , Ahmed Al Asadi , Mohammed A. Ala'anzy , Rida Gadhafi , Shadi Atalla , Wathiq Mansoor

Satellite Quantum Key Distribution creates a pathway for secure global communication with a level of security that is peerless. However, ground-to-satellite Quantum Key Distribution links are degraded due to the atmospheric turbulence. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Aditya Ajith , S. Saravana Veni

Quantum key distribution (QKD), provides the only intrinsically unconditional secure method for communication based on principle of quantum mechanics. Compared with fiber-based demonstrations-, free-space links could provide the most…

The quantum key distribution (QKD), guaranteed by the principle of quantum physics, is a promising solution for future secure information and communication technology. However, device imperfections compromise the security of real-life QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-14 Ye Chen , Chunfeng Huang , Zihao Chen , Wenjie He , Chengxian Zhang , Shihai Sun , Kejin Wei

High-precision time synchronization for remote clocks plays an important role in fundamental science and real-life applications. However, the current time synchronization techniques have been shown to be vulnerable to sophisticated…

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) promises ultra-long secure key distribution which surpasses the rate distance limit and can reduce the number of the trusted nodes in long-haul quantum network. Tremendous efforts have been made…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) together with one time pad encoding can provide information-theoretical security for communication. Currently, though QKD has been widely deployed in many metropolitan fiber networks, its implementation in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-10 Qiang Zhang , Feihu Xu , Yu-Ao Chen , Cheng-Zhi Peng , Jian-Wei Pan

Currently, quantum key distribution (QKD) using continuous variable (CV) technology has only been demonstrated over short-range terrestrial links. Here we attempt to answer whether CV-QKD over the much longer satellite-to-Earth channel is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-25 Sebastian Kish , Eduardo Villaseñor , Robert Malaney , Kerry Mudge , Kenneth Grant

Satellite quantum communication is a promising way to build long distance quantum links, making it an essential complement to optical fiber for quantum internetworking beyond metropolitan scales. A satellite point to point optical link…

The decoy-state BB84 protocol for quantum key distribution (QKD) is used on Micius, the world's first satellite for quantum communications. The method of decoy states can detect photon-number-splitting eavesdropping and thus enables, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Alexander Miller

Free space quantum communication assumes importance as it is a precursor for satellite-based quantum communication needed for secure key distribution over longer distances. Prepare and measure protocols like BB84 consider the satellite as a…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables information-theoretic secure communication, yet its ultimate tolerance to noise and achievable transmission distance remain fundamentally constrained. We establish the maximum quantum bit error rate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Stefano Pirandola