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An increasing variety of crystal structures has been observed in soft condensed matter over the past two decades, surpassing most expectations for the diversity of arrangements accessible through classical driving forces. Here, we survey…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-03-01 Julia Dshemuchadse

Numerical homogenization, i.e. the finite-dimensional approximation of solution spaces of PDEs with arbitrary rough coefficients, requires the identification of accurate basis elements. These basis elements are oftentimes found after a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-05-12 Houman Owhadi

The orientation of a rigid object can be described by a rotation that transforms it into a standard position. For a symmetrical object the rotation is known only up to multiplication by an element of the symmetry group. Such ambiguous…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-09 R. Arnold , P. E. Jupp , H. Schaeben

This article addresses gaps in definitions and a lack of standard measurement techniques to assess the spatial resolution in atom probe tomography. This resolution is known to be anisotropic, being better in the depth than laterally.…

This article presents a general Bayesian learning framework for multi-modal groupwise image registration. The method builds on probabilistic modelling of the image generative process, where the underlying common anatomy and geometric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Xinzhe Luo , Xin Wang , Linda Shapiro , Chun Yuan , Jianfeng Feng , Xiahai Zhuang

Atom probe tomography (APT) is often quoted to provide "atomic-scale" analysis of materials in three dimensions. Despite efforts to quantify APT's spatial resolution, misunderstanding remain regarding its true spatial performance. If the…

Symmetry techniques based on group theory play a prominent role in the analysis of nuclear phenomena, and in particular in the understanding of observed regular patterns in nuclear spectra and selection rules for electromagnetic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-02-10 J. M. Yao

Traditionally, phase transitions are explored using a combination of macroscopic functional characterization and scattering techniques, providing insight into average properties and symmetries of the lattice but local atomic level…

Image reconstruction methods based on deep neural networks have shown outstanding performance, equalling or exceeding the state-of-the-art results of conventional approaches, but often do not provide uncertainty information about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Riccardo Barbano , Željko Kereta , Chen Zhang , Andreas Hauptmann , Simon Arridge , Bangti Jin

Analyzing large volumes of high-dimensional data requires dimensionality reduction: finding meaningful low-dimensional structures hidden in their high-dimensional observations. Such practice is needed in atomistic simulations of complex…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-10-17 Jakub Rydzewski , Ming Chen , Omar Valsson

Image matching, which establishes correspondences between two-view images to recover 3D structure and camera geometry, serves as a cornerstone in computer vision and underpins a wide range of applications, including visual localization, 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Shihua Zhang , Zizhuo Li , Kaining Zhang , Yifan Lu , Yuxin Deng , Linfeng Tang , Xingyu Jiang , Jiayi Ma

Accurate determination of three-dimensional (3D) atomic structures is crucial for understanding and controlling the properties of nanomaterials. Atomic electron tomography (AET) offers non-destructive atomic imaging with picometer-level…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-23 Juhyeok Lee , Yongsoo Yang

The performance of basis sets made of numerical atomic orbitals is explored in density-functional calculations of solids and molecules. With the aim of optimizing basis quality while maintaining strict localization of the orbitals, as…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-07 Javier Junquera , Oscar Paz , Daniel Sanchez-Portal , Emilio Artacho

Super-resolution methods form high-resolution images from low-resolution images. In this paper, we develop a new Bayesian nonparametric model for super-resolution. Our method uses a beta-Bernoulli process to learn a set of recurring visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-09-25 Gungor Polatkan , Mingyuan Zhou , Lawrence Carin , David Blei , Ingrid Daubechies

Real-space refinement of atomic models in macromolecular crystallography or in cryo electron microscopy fits a model to a map obtained experimentally. This requires generating model maps of a limited resolution which moreover may vary from…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ludmila Urzhumtseva , Vladimir Y. Lunin , Alexandre Urzhumtsev

Mathematical morphology is a theory and technique to collect features like geometric and topological structures in digital images. Given a target image, determining suitable morphological operations and structuring elements is a cumbersome…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Yucong Shen , Xin Zhong , Frank Y. Shih

We present a comprehensive study on discrete morphological symmetries of dynamical systems, which are commonly observed in biological and artificial locomoting systems, such as legged, swimming, and flying animals/robots/virtual characters.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Daniel Ordonez-Apraez , Mario Martin , Antonio Agudo , Francesc Moreno-Noguer

Biological intelligence is remarkable in its ability to produce complex behaviour in many diverse situations through data efficient, generalisable and transferable skill acquisition. It is believed that learning "good" sensory…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-03-18 Irina Higgins , Sébastien Racanière , Danilo Rezende

We show how to treat systematic uncertainties using Bayesian deep networks for regression. First, we analyze how these networks separately trace statistical and systematic uncertainties on the momenta of boosted top quarks forming fat jets.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-12-23 Gregor Kasieczka , Michel Luchmann , Florian Otterpohl , Tilman Plehn

Advances in architectural design, data availability, and compute have driven remarkable progress in semantic segmentation. Yet, these models often rely on relaxed Bayesian assumptions, omitting critical uncertainty information needed for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 M. M. A. Valiuddin , R. J. G. van Sloun , C. G. A. Viviers , P. H. N. de With , F. van der Sommen
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