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Deep neural networks have been shown to provide accurate function approximations in high dimensions. However, fitting network parameters requires informative training data that are often challenging to collect in science and engineering…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-01 Joan Bruna , Benjamin Peherstorfer , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

Developing models that can learn to reason is a notoriously challenging problem. We focus on reasoning in relational domains, where the use of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) seems like a natural choice. However, previous work has shown that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Irtaza Khalid , Steven Schockaert

We introduce neural Markov logic networks (NMLNs), a statistical relational learning system that borrows ideas from Markov logic. Like Markov logic networks (MLNs), NMLNs are an exponential-family model for modelling distributions over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Giuseppe Marra , Ondřej Kuželka

Exponential random graph models (ERGMs) are very flexible for modeling network formation but pose difficult estimation challenges due to their intractable normalizing constant. Existing methods, such as MCMC-MLE, rely on sequential…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Angelo Mele

Message passing neural networks (MPNNs) have become a dominant flavor of graph neural networks (GNNs) in recent years. Yet, MPNNs come with notable limitations; namely, they are at most as powerful as the 1-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Lingxiao Zhao , Louis Härtel , Neil Shah , Leman Akoglu

With increasing penetration of distributed energy resources installed behind the meter, there is a growing need for adequate modelling of composite loads to enable accurate power system simulation analysis. Existing measurement based load…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-28 Sonam Dorji , Yongkang Sun , Yuchen Zhang , Ghavameddin Nourbakhsh , Yateendra Mishra , Yan Xu

Learning the underlying equation from data is a fundamental problem in many disciplines. Recent advances rely on Neural Networks (NNs) but do not provide theoretical guarantees in obtaining the exact equations owing to the non-convexity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Haoran Li , Yang Weng , Hanghang Tong

Computational electromagnetics (CEM) is employed to numerically solve Maxwell's equations, and it has very important and practical applications across a broad range of disciplines, including biomedical engineering, nanophotonics, wireless…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Stefanos Bakirtzis , Marco Fiore , Jie Zhang , Ian Wassell

Graph neural networks have been extensively studied for learning with inter-connected data. Despite this, recent evidence has revealed GNNs' deficiencies related to over-squashing, heterophily, handling long-range dependencies, edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Qitian Wu , Wentao Zhao , Zenan Li , David Wipf , Junchi Yan

Recently, graph neural networks (GNNs) have proved to be suitable in tasks on unstructured data. Particularly in tasks as community detection, node classification, and link prediction. However, most GNN models still operate with static…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Darwin Saire Pilco , Adín Ramírez Rivera

This work investigates if the current neural architectures are adequate for learning symbolic rewriting. Two kinds of data sets are proposed for this research -- one based on automated proofs and the other being a synthetic set of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Bartosz Piotrowski , Josef Urban , Chad E. Brown , Cezary Kaliszyk

Developing scalable solutions for training Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for link prediction tasks is challenging due to the high data dependencies which entail high computational cost and huge memory footprint. We propose a new method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Nasrullah Sheikh , Xiao Qin , Berthold Reinwald , Chuan Lei

In recent years, $Q$-learning has become indispensable for model-free reinforcement learning (MFRL). However, it suffers from well-known problems such as under- and overestimation bias of the value, which may adversely affect the policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Youngmin Oh , Jinwoo Shin , Eunho Yang , Sung Ju Hwang

Neural-symbolic computing has now become the subject of interest of both academic and industry research laboratories. Graph Neural Networks (GNN) have been widely used in relational and symbolic domains, with widespread application of GNNs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Luis C. Lamb , Artur Garcez , Marco Gori , Marcelo Prates , Pedro Avelar , Moshe Vardi

Sequences and time-series often arise in robot tasks, e.g., in activity recognition and imitation learning. In recent years, deep neural networks (DNNs) have emerged as an effective data-driven methodology for processing sequences given…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Yaqi Xie , Fan Zhou , Harold Soh

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown great potential in learning on graphs, but they are known to perform sub-optimally on link prediction tasks. Existing GNNs are primarily designed to learn node-wise representations and usually fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Tianyi Zhang , Haoteng Yin , Rongzhe Wei , Pan Li , Anshumali Shrivastava

Neural Algorithmic Reasoning (NAR) research has demonstrated that graph neural networks (GNNs) could learn to execute classical algorithms. However, most previous approaches have always used a recurrent architecture, where each iteration of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Dobrik Georgiev , JJ Wilson , Davide Buffelli , Pietro Liò

Symbolic Regression aims to automatically identify compact and interpretable mathematical expressions that model the functional relationship between input and output variables. Most existing search-based symbolic regression methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Jianwen Sun , Xinrui Li , Fuqing Li , Xiaoxuan Shen

Multiple Kernel Learning is a conventional way to learn the kernel function in kernel-based methods. MKL algorithms enhance the performance of kernel methods. However, these methods have a lower complexity compared to deep learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Ahmad Navid Ghanizadeh , Kamaledin Ghiasi-Shirazi , Reza Monsefi , Mohammadreza Qaraei

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are widely applied in graph data modeling. However, existing GNNs are often trained in a task-driven manner that fails to fully capture the intrinsic nature of the graph structure, resulting in sub-optimal node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Zhenhua Huang , Kunhao Li , Shaojie Wang , Zhaohong Jia , Wentao Zhu , Sharad Mehrotra