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Many modern workloads such as neural network inference and graph processing are fundamentally memory-bound. For such workloads, data movement between memory and CPU cores imposes a significant overhead in terms of both latency and energy. A…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Juan Gómez-Luna , Izzat El Hajj , Ivan Fernandez , Christina Giannoula , Geraldo F. Oliveira , Onur Mutlu

The recently released persistent memory (PM) offers high performance, persistence, and is cheaper than DRAM. This opens up new possibilities for indexes that operate and persist data directly on the memory bus. Recent learned indexes…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Baotong Lu , Jialin Ding , Eric Lo , Umar Farooq Minhas , Tianzheng Wang

We can use a hybrid memory system consisting of DRAM and Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory (We call it DCPM in this paper) as DCPM is now commercially available since April 2019. Even if the latency for DCPM is several times higher than…

Performance · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Kazuichi Oe

Persistent or Non Volatile Memory (PMEM or NVM) has recently become commercially available under several configurations with different purposes and goals. Despite the attention to the topic, we are not aware of a comprehensive empirical…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Dimitrios Koutsoukos , Raghav Bhartia , Ana Klimovic , Gustavo Alonso

I/O latency and throughput is one of the major performance bottlenecks for disk-based database systems. Upcoming persistent memory (PMem) technologies, like Intel's Optane DC Persistent Memory Modules, promise to bridge the gap between…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Alexander van Renen , Lukas Vogel , Viktor Leis , Thomas Neumann , Alfons Kemper

As high-performance computing (HPC) moves into the exascale era, computer scientists and engineers must find innovative ways of transferring and processing unprecedented amounts of data. As the scale and complexity of the applications…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-09-30 Melissa Romanus , Robert B. Ross , Manish Parashar

Memory latency, bandwidth, capacity, and energy increasingly limit performance. In this paper, we reconsider proposed system architectures that consist of huge (many-terabyte to petabyte scale) memories shared among large numbers of CPUs.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Samuel Dayo , Shuhan Liu , Peijing Li , Philip Levis , Subhasish Mitra , Thierry Tambe , David Tennenhouse , H. -S. Philip Wong

Persistent Memory (PMem), as already available, e.g., with Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory, represents a very promising, next-generation memory solution with a significant impact on database architectures. Several data structures for this…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Philipp Götze , Arun Kumar Tharanatha , Kai-Uwe Sattler

Resistive random-access memory (RRAM) is gaining popularity due to its ability to offer computing within the memory and its non-volatile nature. The unique properties of RRAM, such as binary switching, multi-state switching, and device…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Simranjeet Singh , Farhad Merchant , Sachin Patkar

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures have demonstrated great potential in accelerating numerous deep learning tasks. Particularly, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices provide a promising hardware substrate to build PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weidong Cao , Yilong Zhao , Adith Boloor , Yinhe Han , Xuan Zhang , Li Jiang

Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory (Optane PMM) is a new kind of byte-addressable memory with higher density and lower cost than DRAM. This enables the design of affordable systems that support up to 6TB of randomly accessible memory. In…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Gurbinder Gill , Roshan Dathathri , Loc Hoang , Ramesh Peri , Keshav Pingali

The Aurora supercomputer is an exascale-class system designed to tackle some of the most demanding computational workloads. Equipped with both High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) and DDR memory, it provides unique trade-offs in performance,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Huda Ibeid , Vikram Narayana , Jeongnim Kim , Anthony Nguyen , Vitali Morozov , Ye Luo

In-memory computing is an emerging computing paradigm that overcomes the limitations of exiting Von-Neumann computing architectures such as the memory-wall bottleneck. In such paradigm, the computations are performed directly on the data…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Mohammed E. Fouda , Hasan Erdem Yantir , Ahmed M. Eltawil , Fadi Kurdahi

Software managed byte-addressable hybrid memory systems consisting of DRAMs and NVMMs offer a lot of flexibility to design efficient large scale data processing applications. Operating systems (OS) play an important role in enabling the…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Shivank Garg , Aravinda Prasad , Debadatta Mishra , Sreenivas Subramoney

As transistor-based memory technologies like dynamic random access memory (DRAM) approach their scalability limits, the need to explore alternative storage solutions becomes increasingly urgent. Phase-change memory (PCM) has gained…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mahek Desai , Rowena Quinn , Marjan Asadinia

After nearly a decade of anticipation, scalable nonvolatile memory DIMMs are finally commercially available with the release of Intel's 3D XPoint DIMM. This new nonvolatile DIMM supports byte-granularity accesses with access times on the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Jian Yang , Juno Kim , Morteza Hoseinzadeh , Joseph Izraelevitz , Steven Swanson

Processing-in-memory (PIM) has emerged as a promising solution for accelerating memory-intensive workloads as they provide high memory bandwidth to the processing units. This approach has drawn attention not only from the academic community…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Dongjae Lee , Bongjoon Hyun , Taehun Kim , Minsoo Rhu

Content-Addressable Memory (CAM) is a powerful abstraction for building memory caches, routing tables and hazard detection logic. Without a native CAM structure available on FPGA devices, their functionality must be emulated using the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Thomas B. Preußer , Monica Chiosa , Alexander Weiss , Gustavo Alonso

Discrete GPUs are a cornerstone of HPC and data center systems, requiring management of separate CPU and GPU memory spaces. Unified Virtual Memory (UVM) has been proposed to ease the burden of memory management; however, at a high cost in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Jacob Wahlgren , Gabin Schieffer , Ruimin Shi , Edgar A. León , Roger Pearce , Maya Gokhale , Ivy Peng

With the widespread use of deep neural networks(DNNs) in intelligent systems, DNN accelerators with high performance and energy efficiency are greatly demanded. As one of the feasible processing-in-memory(PIM) architectures,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Junpeng Wang , Mengke Ge , Bo Ding , Qi Xu , Song Chen , Yi Kang