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We introduce an ergodic approach to the study of {\em joint normality} of representations of numbers. For example, we show that for any integer $b \geq 2$ almost every number $x \in [0,1)$ is jointly normal with respect to the $b$-expansion…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-11-09 Vitaly Bergelson , Younghwan Son

We establish convergence in norm and pointwise almost everywhere for the non-conventional (in the sense of Furstenberg) bilinear polynomial ergodic averages \[ A_N(f,g)(x) := \frac{1}{N} \sum_{n =1}^N f(T^nx) g(T^{P(n)}x)\] as $N \to…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-01-24 Ben Krause , Mariusz Mirek , Terence Tao

Consider a system $(X, \mathcal{F}, \mu, T)$, bounded functions $f_1, f_2 \in L^\infty(\mu)$ and $a,b \in \ZZ.$ We show that there exists a set of full measure $X_{f_1, f_2}$ in $X$ such that for all $x \in X_{f_1, f_2}$ and for every…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-09-19 Idris Assani

We establish results with an arithmetic flavor that generalize the polynomial multidimensional Szemeredi theorem and related multiple recurrence and convergence results in ergodic theory. For instance, we show that in all these statements…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-11-19 Nikos Frantzikinakis , Bernard Host

We will show that the sequences appearing in Bourgain's double recurrence result are good universal weights to the multiple recurrence averages with commuting measure-preserving transformations in norm. This will extend the pointwise…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-12-10 Idris Assani , Ryo Moore

We prove mean convergence, as $N\to\infty$, for the multiple ergodic averages $\frac{1}{N}\sum_{n=1}^N f_1(T_1^{p_1(n)}x)... f_\ell(T_\ell^{p_\ell(n)}x)$, where $p_1,...,p_\ell$ are integer polynomials with distinct degrees, and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-11-19 Qing Chu , Nikos Frantzikinakis , Bernard Host

Let $T_1, ..., T_l: X \to X$ be commuting measure-preserving transformations on a probability space $(X, \X, \mu)$. We show that the multiple ergodic averages $\frac{1}{N} \sum_{n=0}^{N-1} f_1(T_1^n x) ... f_l(T_l^n x)$ are convergent in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-10-24 Terence Tao

We show that on a $\sigma$-finite measure preserving system $X = (X,\nu, T)$, the non-conventional ergodic averages $$ \mathbb{E}_{n \in [N]} \Lambda(n) f(T^n x) g(T^{P(n)} x)$$ converge pointwise almost everywhere for $f \in L^{p_1}(X)$,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Ben Krause , Hamed Mousavi , Terence Tao , Joni Teräväinen

We obtain new results pertaining to convergence and recurrence of multiple ergodic averages along functions from a Hardy field. Among other things, we confirm some of the conjectures posed by Frantzikinakis in [Fra10; Fra16] and obtain…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Vitaly Bergelson , Joel Moreira , Florian K. Richter

We prove Bourgain's Return Times Theorem for a range of exponents $p$ and $q$ that are outside the duality range. An oscillation result is used to prove hitherto unknown almost everywhere convergence for the signed average analog of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-05-08 Ciprian Demeter , Michael Lacey , Terence Tao , Christoph Thiele

Fix $c\in (1,23/22)$. Let $\alpha$ and $\beta$ be two distinct non-zero real numbers with $|\alpha|\neq |\beta|$. It is shown that for any measure preserving system $(X,\mathcal{X},\mu,T)$ and any $f,g\in L^{\infty}(\mu)$, the limit…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Rongzhong Xiao

For a Dunford-Schwartz operator in the $L^p-$space, $1\leq p< \infty$ , of an arbitrary measure space, we prove pointwise convergence of the conventional and Besicovitch weighted ergodic averages. Pointwise convergence of various types of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-09-21 Vladimir Chilin , Dogan Comez , Semyon Litvinov

The Birkhoff Ergodic Theorem concludes that time averages, that is, Birkhoff averages, $\Sigma_{n=1}^N f(x_n)/N$ of a function $f$ along an ergodic trajectory $(x_n)$ of a function $T$ converges to the space average $\int f d\mu$, where…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-08-04 Suddhasattwa Das , Yoshitaka Saiki , Evelyn Sander , James A. Yorke

We prove a pointwise convergence result for additive ergodic averages associated with certain multiplicative actions of the Gaussian integers. We derive several applications in dynamics and number theory, including: (i) Wirsing's theorem…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-03-07 Sebastián Donoso , Anh N. Le , Joel Moreira , Wenbo Sun

A sequence $(s_n)$ of integers is good for the mean ergodic theorem if for each invertible measure preserving system $(X,\mathcal{B},\mu,T)$ and any bounded measurable function $f$, the averages $ \frac1N \sum_{n=1}^N f(T^{s_n}x)$ converge…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2009-06-29 Nikos Frantzikinakis , Michael Johnson , Emmanuel Lesigne , Mate Wierdl

Let $(X,\mu)$ be a probability space, $G$ a countable amenable group and $(F_n)_n$ a left F\o lner sequence in $G$. This paper analyzes the non-conventional ergodic averages \[\frac{1}{|F_n|}\sum_{g \in F_n}\prod_{i=1}^d (f_i\circ…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-06-23 Tim Austin

Let $(X,\mathcal{B},\mu)$ be a probability space and let $T_1,..., T_l$ be $l$ commuting invertible measure preserving transformations \linebreak of $X$. We show that if $T_1^{c_1} ... T_l^{c_l}$ is ergodic for each $(c_1,...,c_l)\neq…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2009-06-18 Michael C. R. Johnson

The Birkhoff Ergodic Theorem concludes that time averages, i.e., Birkhoff averages, $\Sigma_{n=0}^{N-1} f(x_n)/N$ of a function $f$ along a length $N$ ergodic trajectory $(x_n)$ of a function $T$ converge to the space average $\int f d\mu$,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-01-31 Suddhasattwa Das , Yoshitaka Saiki , Evelyn Sander , James A Yorke

For a jointly measurable probability-preserving action $\tau:\mathbb{R}^D\curvearrowright (X,\mu)$ and a tuple of polynomial maps $p_i:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}^D$, $i=1,2,...,k$, the multiple ergodic averages \[ \frac{1}{T}\int_0^T…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-07-04 Tim Austin

Let $(X, \mathcal{A},\mu)$ be a probability space and let $T$ be a contraction on $L^2(\mu)$. We provide suitable conditions over sequences $(w_k)$, $(u_k)$ and $(A_k)$ in such a way that the weighted ergodic limit…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-07-03 Ahmad Darwiche , Dominique Schneider