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Code-mixing involves the seamless integration of linguistic elements from multiple languages within a single discourse, reflecting natural multilingual communication patterns. Despite its prominence in informal interactions such as social…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Svetlana Churina , Akshat Gupta , Insyirah Mujtahid , Kokil Jaidka

Sentence Boundary Detection (SBD) is one of the foundational building blocks of Natural Language Processing (NLP), with incorrectly split sentences heavily influencing the output quality of downstream tasks. It is a challenging task for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Tobias Brugger , Matthias Stürmer , Joel Niklaus

Natural language processing (NLP) models trained on people-generated data can be unreliable because, without any constraints, they can learn from spurious correlations that are not relevant to the task. We hypothesize that enriching models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Alissa Ostapenko , Shuly Wintner , Melinda Fricke , Yulia Tsvetkov

Multilingual speakers tend to alternate between languages within a conversation, a phenomenon referred to as "code-switching" (CS). CS is a complex phenomenon that not only encompasses linguistic challenges, but also contains a great deal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Injy Hamed , Alia El Bolock , Nader Rizk , Cornelia Herbert , Slim Abdennadher , Ngoc Thang Vu

The NLP community has witnessed steep progress in a variety of tasks across the realms of monolingual and multilingual language processing recently. These successes, in conjunction with the proliferating mixed language interactions on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Sai Muralidhar Jayanthi , Kavya Nerella , Khyathi Raghavi Chandu , Alan W Black

Speech translation for Indian languages remains a challenging task due to the scarcity of large-scale, publicly available datasets that capture the linguistic diversity and domain coverage essential for real-world applications. Existing…

Language Identification (LID) is a core task in multilingual NLP, yet current systems often overfit to clean, monolingual data. This work introduces DIVERS-BENCH, a comprehensive evaluation of state-of-the-art LID models across diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jessica Ojo , Zina Kamel , David Ifeoluwa Adelani

Despite achieving impressive results on standard benchmarks, large foundational models still struggle against code-switching test cases. When data scarcity cannot be used as the usual justification for poor performance, the reason may lie…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Enes Yavuz Ugan , Ngoc-Quan Pham , Alexander Waibel

Why do bilingual speakers code-switch (mix their two languages)? Among the several theories that attempt to explain this natural and ubiquitous phenomenon, the Triggering Hypothesis relates code-switching to the presence of lexical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Shuly Wintner , Safaa Shehadi , Yuli Zeira , Doreen Osmelak , Yuval Nov

Building large-scale datasets for training code-switching language models is challenging and very expensive. To alleviate this problem using parallel corpus has been a major workaround. However, existing solutions use linguistic constraints…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Genta Indra Winata , Andrea Madotto , Chien-Sheng Wu , Pascale Fung

Lexicon or dictionary generation across domains has the potential for societal impact, as it can potentially enhance information accessibility for a diverse user base while preserving language identity. Prior work in the field primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Ayush Maheshwari , Atul Kumar Singh , Karthika NJ , Krishnakant Bhatt , Preethi Jyothi , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Training multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems is challenging because acoustic and lexical information is typically language specific. Training multilingual system for Indic languages is even more tougher due to lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Harveen Singh Chadha , Priyanshi Shah , Ankur Dhuriya , Neeraj Chhimwal , Anirudh Gupta , Vivek Raghavan

Code-switching is the phenomenon by which bilingual speakers switch between multiple languages during communication. The importance of developing language technologies for codeswitching data is immense, given the large populations that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-27 Victor Soto , Julia Hirschberg

Spoken dialog systems need to be able to handle both multiple languages and multilinguality inside a conversation (\textit{e.g} in case of code-switching). In this work, we introduce new pretraining losses tailored to learn multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Emile Chapuis , Pierre Colombo , Matthieu Labeau , Chloe Clavel

Sentiment Analysis and other semantic tasks are commonly used for social media textual analysis to gauge public opinion and make sense from the noise on social media. The language used on social media not only commonly diverges from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Anirudh Dahiya , Neeraj Battan , Manish Shrivastava , Dipti Mishra Sharma

Conventional graph-based dependency parsers guarantee a tree structure both during training and inference. Instead, we formalize dependency parsing as the problem of independently selecting the head of each word in a sentence. Our model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-23 Xingxing Zhang , Jianpeng Cheng , Mirella Lapata

The language identification task is a crucial fundamental step in NLP. Often it serves as a pre-processing step for widely used NLP applications such as multilingual machine translation, information retrieval, question and answering, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yash Ingle , Pruthwik Mishra

This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of large language model (LLM) research directions within Indic languages. Indic languages are those spoken in the Indian subcontinent, including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Sankalp KJ , Vinija Jain , Sreyoshi Bhaduri , Tamoghna Roy , Aman Chadha

Code-Switching (CS) is a common phenomenon observed in several bilingual and multilingual communities, thereby attaining prevalence in digital and social media platforms. This increasing prominence demands the need to model CS languages for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Khyathi Raghavi Chandu , Alan W Black

In this paper, I present our work on DeepRAG, a specialized embedding model we built specifically for Hindi language in RAG systems. While LLMs have gotten really good at generating text, their performance in retrieval tasks still depends…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Nandakishor M