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Experimental research on behavior and cognition frequently rests on stimulus or subject selection where not all characteristics can be fully controlled, even when attempting strict matching. For example, when contrasting patients to…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-08-29 Jona Sassenhagen , Phillip M. Alday

The energy test method is a multi-dimensional test of whether two samples are consistent with arising from the same underlying population, through the calculation of a single test statistic (called the $T$-value). The method has recently…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2018-04-19 W. Barter , C. Burr , C. Parkes

In this paper, our interest is in the problem of simultaneous hypothesis testing when the test statistics corresponding to the individual hypotheses are possibly correlated. Specifically, we consider the case when the test statistics…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-14 Anupam Kundu , Subir Kumar Bhandari

The customary use of P-values in scientific research has been attacked as being ill-conceived, and the utility of P-values has been derided. This paper reviews common misconceptions about P-values and their alleged deficits as indices of…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-11-04 Michael J. Lew

Assume that we have a random sample from an absolutely continuous distribution (univariate, or multivariate) with a known functional form and some unknown parameters. In this paper, we have studied several parametric tests based on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Rahul Singh , Neeraj Misra

A non parametric method based on the empirical likelihood is proposed for detecting the change in the coefficients of high-dimensional linear model where the number of model variables may increase as the sample size increases. This amounts…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-22 Gabriela Ciuperca , Zahraa Salloum

This paper studies the construction of p-values for nonparametric outlier detection, taking a multiple-testing perspective. The goal is to test whether new independent samples belong to the same distribution as a reference data set or are…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-12 Stephen Bates , Emmanuel Candès , Lihua Lei , Yaniv Romano , Matteo Sesia

We consider the problem of hypotheses testing with the basic simple hypothesis: observed sequence of points corresponds to stationary Poisson process with known intensity against a composite one-sided parametric alternative that this is a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Serguei Dachian , Yury A. Kutoyants

The logical and practical difficulties associated with research interpretation using P values and null hypothesis significance testing have been extensively documented. This paper describes an alternative, likelihood-based approach to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-21 Nicholas Adams , Gerard O'Reilly

We study a large-scale one-sided multiple testing problem in which test statistics follow normal distributions with unit variance, and the goal is to identify signals with positive mean effects. A conventional approach is to compute…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-15 Kwangok Seo , Johan Lim , Hyungwon Choi , Jaesik Jeong

After variable selection, standard inferential procedures for regression parameters may not be uniformly valid; there is no finite-sample size at which a standard test is guaranteed to approximately attain its nominal size. This problem is…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-07 Oliver Dukes , Vahe Avagyan , Stijn Vansteelandt

Selective inference is a subfield of statistics that enables valid inference after selection of a data-dependent question. In this paper, we introduce selectively dominant p-values, a class of p-values that allow practitioners to easily…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-22 Anav Sood

We consider the structural change in a class of discrete valued time series that the conditional distribution follows a one-parameter exponential family. We propose a change-point test based on the maximum likelihood estimator of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-01 Mamadou Lamine Diop , William Kengne

In the context of likelihood ratio testing with parameters on the boundary, we revisit two situations for which there are some discrepancies in the literature: the case of two parameters of interest on the boundary, with all other…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Clara Bertinelli Salucci , Anders Kvellestad , Riccardo De Bin

We develop the distribution of the number of hypotheses found to be statistically significant using the rule from Benjamini and Hochberg (1995) for controlling the false discovery rate (FDR). This distribution has both a small sample form…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-27 Chang Yu , Daniel Zelterman

In applied settings, tests of hypothesis where a nuisance parameter is only identifiable under the alternative often reduces into one of Testing One Hypothesis Multiple times (TOHM). Specifically, a fine discretization of the space of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-06 Sara Algeri , David A. van Dyk

There is a well-known problem in Null Hypothesis Significance Testing: many statistically significant results fail to replicate in subsequent experiments. We show that this problem arises because standard `point-form null' significance…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-06 Fintan Costello , Paul Watts

We introduce the notion of p*-values (p*-variables), which generalizes p-values (p-variables) in several senses. The new notion has four natural interpretations: operational, probabilistic, Bayesian, and frequentist. A main example of a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-24 Ruodu Wang

In this paper we propose a Bayesian answer to testing problems when the hypotheses are not well separated. The idea of the method is to study the posterior distribution of a discrepancy measure between the parameter and the model we want to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-28 Jean-Bernard Salomond

Distance correlation has become an increasingly popular tool for detecting the nonlinear dependence between a pair of potentially high-dimensional random vectors. Most existing works have explored its asymptotic distributions under the null…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-06 Lan Gao , Yingying Fan , Jinchi Lv , Qi-Man Shao