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Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles (AV) requires rigorous testing under both everyday driving and rare, safety-critical conditions. A key challenge lies in simulating environment agents, including background vehicles (BVs) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Qiujing Lu , Xuanhan Wang , Runze Yuan , Wei Lu , Xinyi Gong , Shuo Feng

The autonomous driving industry is expected to grow by over 20 times in the coming decade and, thus, motivate researchers to delve into it. The primary focus of their research is to ensure safety, comfort, and efficiency. An autonomous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Jilan Samiuddin , Benoit Boulet , Di Wu

With growing complexity and criticality of automated driving functions in road traffic and their operational design domains (ODD), there is increasing demand for covering significant proportions of development, validation, and verification…

With the rapid development of autonomous vehicles, there is an increasing demand for scenario-based testing to simulate diverse driving scenarios. However, as the base of any driving scenarios, road scenarios (e.g., road topology and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Fan Yang , You Lu , Bihuan Chen , Peng Qin , Xin Peng

In recent years there have been remarkable advancements in autonomous driving. While autonomous vehicles demonstrate high performance in closed-set conditions, they encounter difficulties when confronted with unexpected situations. At the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Daniel Bogdoll , Lukas Bosch , Tim Joseph , Helen Gremmelmaier , Yitian Yang , J. Marius Zöllner

A major challenge for autonomous vehicles is handling interactive scenarios, such as highway merging, with human-driven vehicles. A better understanding of human interactive behaviour could help address this challenge. Such understanding…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-30 O. Siebinga , A. Zgonnikov , D. A. Abbink

Autonomous driving is getting a lot of attention in the last decade and will be the hot topic at least until the first successful certification of a car with Level 5 autonomy. There are many public datasets in the academic community.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Michal Uricar , David Hurych , Pavel Krizek , Senthil Yogamani

Designing diverse and safety-critical driving scenarios is essential for evaluating autonomous driving systems. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) for few-shot code generation to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yongjie Fu , Ruijian Zha , Pei Tian , Xuan Di

Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) require diverse and safety-critical traffic scenarios for effective training and testing, but the existing data generation methods struggle to provide flexibility and scalability. We propose LASER, a novel…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Hao Gao , Jingyue Wang , Wenyang Fang , Jingwei Xu , Yunpeng Huang , Taolue Chen , Xiaoxing Ma

Autonomous driving faces critical challenges in rare long-tail events and complex multi-agent interactions, which are scarce in real-world data yet essential for robust safety validation. This paper presents a high-fidelity scenario…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Yuhang Wang , Heye Huang , Zhenhua Xu , Kailai Sun , Baoshen Guo , Jinhua Zhao

Model-based approaches have become increasingly popular in the domain of automated driving. This includes runtime algorithms, such as Model Predictive Control, as well as formal and simulative approaches for the verification of automated…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-12 Marcus Nolte , Richard Schubert , Cordula Reisch , Markus Maurer

As autonomous driving systems being deployed to millions of vehicles, there is a pressing need of improving the system's scalability, safety and reducing the engineering cost. A realistic, scalable, and practical simulator of the driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Yihan Hu , Siqi Chai , Zhening Yang , Jingyu Qian , Kun Li , Wenxin Shao , Haichao Zhang , Wei Xu , Qiang Liu

Clouds gather a vast volume of telemetry from their networked systems which contain valuable information that can help solve many of the problems that continue to plague them. However, it is hard to extract useful information from such raw…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Behnaz Arzani , Bita Rouhani

From SAE Level 3 of automation onwards, drivers are allowed to engage in activities that are not directly related to driving during their travel. However, in level 3, a misunderstanding of the capabilities of the system might lead drivers…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Mohamed Sabry , Walter Morales-Alvarez , Cristina Olaverri-Monreal

Teleoperated robotic characters can perform expressive interactions with humans, relying on the operators' experience and social intuition. In this work, we propose to create autonomous interactive robots, by training a model to imitate…

This work explores scene graphs as a distilled representation of high-level information for autonomous driving, applied to future driver-action prediction. Given the scarcity and strong imbalance of data samples, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Pawit Kochakarn , Daniele De Martini , Daniel Omeiza , Lars Kunze

The goal of autonomous vehicles is to navigate public roads safely and comfortably. To enforce safety, traditional planning approaches rely on handcrafted rules to generate trajectories. Machine learning-based systems, on the other hand,…

Developing autonomous driving systems for complex traffic environments requires balancing multiple objectives, such as avoiding collisions, obeying traffic rules, and making efficient progress. In many situations, these objectives cannot be…

We present a novel synthetically generated multi-modal dataset, SCaRL, to enable the training and validation of autonomous driving solutions. Multi-modal datasets are essential to attain the robustness and high accuracy required by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Avinash Nittur Ramesh , Aitor Correas-Serrano , María González-Huici