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The directed power graph $\vec{\mathcal P}(\mathbf G)$ of a group $\mathbf G$ is the simple digraph with vertex set $G$ such that $x\rightarrow y$ if $y$ is a power of $x$. The power graph of $\mathbf G$, denoted by $\mathcal P(\mathbf G)$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-10 Ivica Bošnjak , Rozália Madarász , Samir Zahirović

The prime graph (or Gruenberg-Kegel graph) of a finite group $G$ is a familiar graph. In this paper first, we investigate the structure of the finite groups with a non-complete prime graph. Then we prove that every alternating group…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-16 Ali Mahmoudifar , Ayoub Gharibkhajeh

The Gruenberg-Kegel graph $\Gamma(G)$ associated with a finite group $G$ has as vertices the prime divisors of $|G|$, with an edge from $p$ to $q$ if and only if $G$ contains an element of order $pq$. This graph has been the subject of much…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-01 Peter J. Cameron , Natalia V. Maslova

In this paper we continue the study of prime graphs of finite solvable groups. The prime graph, or Gruenberg-Kegel graph, of a finite group G has vertices consisting of the prime divisors of the order of G and an edge from primes p to q if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-26 Ziyu Huang , Thomas Michael Keller , Shane Kissinger , Wen Plotnick , Maya Roma

Given a finite group $G$, denote by $\Gamma(G)$ the simple undirected graph whose vertices are the distinct sizes of noncentral conjugacy classes of $G$, and set two vertices of $\Gamma(G)$ to be adjacent if and only if they are not coprime…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-10 Mariagrazia Bianchi , Rachel D. Camina , Marcel Herzog , Emanuele Pacifici

The commuting graph ${\Gamma(G)}$ of a group $G$ is the simple undirected graph with group elements as a vertex set and two elements $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $xy=yx$ in $G$. By eliminating the identity element of $G$ and all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-25 Siddharth Malviy , Vipul Kakkar

Let $G$ be a finite group. The order supergraph of $G$ is the graph with vertex set $G$, and two distinct vertices $x,y$ are adjacent if $o(x)\mid o(y)$ or $o(y)\mid o(x)$. The enhanced power graph of $G$ is the graph whose vertex set is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-29 Xuanlong Ma , Liangliang Zhai

Let G be a finite group and let cd(G) be the set of all complex irreducible character degrees of G Let \rho(G) be the set of all primes which divide some character degree of G. The prime graph \Delta(G) attached to G is a graph whose vertex…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-03-15 Hung P. Tong-Viet

The power graph $\mathcal{P}(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is a graph whose vertex set is the group $G$ and distinct elements $x,y\in G$ are adjacent if one is a power of the other, that is, $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if $x\in\langle y\rangle$ or…

Let $G$ be a group. The permutability graph of subgroups of $G$, denoted by $\Gamma(G)$, is a graph having all the proper subgroups of $G$ as its vertices, and two subgroups are adjacent in $\Gamma(G)$ if and only if they permute. In this…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-06 R. Rajkumar , P. Devi , Andrei Gagarin

A finite group of order divisible by 3 in which centralizers of 3-elements are 3-subgroups will be called a C{\theta}{\theta}-group. The prime graph (or Gruenberg-Kegel graph) of a finite group G is denoted by {\Gamma}(G) (or GK(G)) and its…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-03-03 Ali Mahmoudifar

Let $G$ be a finite non-cyclic group. The non-cyclic graph $\Gamma_G$ of $G$ is the graph whose vertex set is $G\setminus Cyc(G)$, two distinct vertices being adjacent if they do not generate a cyclic subgroup, where $Cyc(G)=\{a\in G:…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-04 Xuanlong Ma

The interplay between groups and graphs have been the most famous and productive area of algebraic graph theory. In this paper, we introduce and study the graphs whose vertex set is group G such that two distinct vertices a and b having…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-01 Shafiq Ur Rehman , Abdul Qudair Baig , Muhammad Imran , Zia Ullah Khan

We say that finite groups are isospectral if they have the same sets of orders of elements. It is known that every nonsolvable finite group $G$ isospectral to a finite simple group has a unique nonabelian composition factor, that is, the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-07 Maria A. Grechkoseeva , Andrey V. Vasil'ev

A $P_4$-free graph is called a cograph. In this paper we partially characterize finite groups whose power graph is a cograph. As we will see, this problem is a generalization of the determination of groups in which every element has prime…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-11 Peter J. Cameron , Pallabi Manna , Ranjit Mehatari

Given a finite graph G there is a corresponding group given by the presentation with generators the vertices of G and a relation [x,y]=1 for generators x and y precisely when (x,y) is an edge of G. Such groups are known as partially…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-07-03 Andrew J Duncan , Ilya V Kazachkov , Vladimir N Remeslennikov

A coprime labeling of a simple graph of order $n$ is a labeling in which adjacent vertices are given relatively prime labels, and a graph is prime if the labels used can be taken to be the first $n$ positive integers. In this paper, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-17 Adam H. Berliner , Nathaniel Dean , Jonelle Hook , Alison Marr , Aba Mbirika , Cayla D. McBee

The intersection graph of a group $G$ is an undirected graph without loops and multiple edges defined as follows: the vertex set is the set of all proper non-trivial subgroups of $G$, and there is an edge between two distinct vertices $H$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-03 Selçuk Kayacan

The Gruenberg-Kegel graph ${\rm GK}(G)=(V_G, E_G)$ of a finite group $G$ is a simple graph with vertex set $V_G=\pi(G)$, the set of all primes dividing the order of $G$, and such that two distinct vertices $p$ and $q$ are joined by an edge,…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-04 A. R. Moghaddamfar , S. Rahbariyan

A successive vertex ordering of a graph is a linear ordering of its vertices in which every vertex except the first has at least one neighbour appearing earlier. Such orderings arise naturally in incremental growth and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Prarthana Agrawal , Abdurrahman Hadi Erturk , Ard Louis