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Goal: A limitation in robotic surgery is the lack of force feedback, due to challenges in suitable sensing techniques. To enhance the perception of the surgeons and precise force rendering, estimation of these forces along with tissue…
Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) by quasistatic electromagnetic means is presently comprised of two methods: Magnetic induction methods (Transcranial magnetic perturbation or TMP) and electrical contact methods (Transcranial electric…
Mechanical stresses in soft materials across different length scales play a fundamental role in understanding the function of biological systems and in the use of artificial materials for engineering soft machines and biomedical devices.…
We present an error-controlled mesh refinement procedure for needle insertion simulation and apply it to the simulation of electrode implantation for deep brain stimulation, including brain shift. Our approach enables to control the error…
The accurate prognosis for traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients is difficult yet essential to inform therapy, patient management, and long-term after-care. Patient characteristics such as age, motor and pupil responsiveness, hypoxia and…
In this work, we explore the various Brain Neuron tracking techniques, which is one of the most significant applications of Diffusion Tensor Imaging. Tractography provides us with a non-invasive method to analyze underlying tissue…
Classifying fine-grained ischemic stroke phenotypes relies on identifying important clinical information. Radiology reports provide relevant information with context to determine such phenotype information. We focus on stroke phenotypes…
Probabilistic inference from real-time input data is becoming increasingly popular and may be one of the potential pathways at enabling cognitive intelligence. As a matter of fact, preliminary research has revealed that stochastic…
In this work a general framework for damage and fracture assessment including the effect of strain gradients is provided. Both mechanism-based and phenomenological strain gradient plasticity (SGP) theories are implemented numerically using…
A major public health concern in the United States (US) is gun-related deaths. The number of gun injuries largely varies spatially because of county-wise heterogeneity of race, sex, age, and income distributions. But still, a major…
In this work, distortion gradient plasticity is used to gain insight into material deformation ahead of a crack tip. This also constitutes the first fracture mechanics analysis of gradient plasticity theories adopting Nye's tensor as primal…
This paper investigates truck-involved crashes to determine the statistically significant factors that contribute to injury severity under different weather conditions. The analysis uses crash data from the state of Ohio between 2011 and…
Despite the promise of superior efficiency and scalability, real-world deployment of emerging nanoelectronic platforms for brain-inspired computing have been limited thus far, primarily because of inter-device variations and intrinsic…
Cerebral aneurysms and microaneurysms are abnormal vascular dilatations with high risk of rupture. An aneurysmal rupture could cause permanent disability and even death. Finding and treating aneurysms before their rupture is very difficult…
The fundamental problem of causal inference -- that we never observe counterfactuals -- prevents us from identifying how many might be negatively affected by a proposed intervention. If, in an A/B test, half of users click (or buy, or…
We show here how density functional theory calculations can be used to predict the temperatureand orientation-dependence of the yield stress of body-centered cubic (BCC) metals in the thermallyactivated regime where plasticity is governed…
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has the potential to improve the quality of life of people with a variety of neurological diseases. A key challenge in DBS is in the placement of a stimulation electrode in the anatomical location that maximizes…
Brain tissue is a heterogeneous material, constituted by a soft matrix filled with cerebrospinal fluid. The interactions between, and the complexity of each of these components are responsible for the non-linear rate-dependent behaviour…
Objective: Traumatic brain injuries and damage are major causes of death and disability. We propose a 3D fully coupled electro-mechanical model of a nerve bundle to investigate the electrophysiological impairments due to trauma at the…
In the setting of multi-armed trials, adaptive designs are a popular way to increase estimation efficiency, identify optimal treatments, or maximize rewards to individuals. Recent work has considered the case of estimating the effects of K…