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We study a class of nonconvex nonsmooth optimization problems in which the objective is a sum of two functions: One function is the average of a large number of differentiable functions, while the other function is proper, lower…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-12 Duy-Nhat Phan , Sedi Bartz , Nilabja Guha , Hung M. Phan

Stochastic gradient descent (\textsc{Sgd}) methods are the most powerful optimization tools in training machine learning and deep learning models. Moreover, acceleration (a.k.a. momentum) methods and diagonal scaling (a.k.a. adaptive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-02 Qi Deng , Yi Cheng , Guanghui Lan

Stochastic-gradient-based optimization has been a core enabling methodology in applications to large-scale problems in machine learning and related areas. Despite the progress, the gap between theory and practice remains significant, with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Lihua Lei , Michael I. Jordan

We propose a novel stochastic smoothing accelerated gradient (SSAG) method for general constrained nonsmooth convex composite optimization, and analyze the convergence rates. The SSAG method allows various smoothing techniques, and can deal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Ruyu Wang , Chao Zhang

We introduce $\mathbf{G}$radient Descent with $\mathbf{A}$daptive $\mathbf{M}$omentum $\mathbf{S}$caling ($\mathbf{Grams}$), a novel optimization algorithm that decouples the direction and magnitude of parameter updates in deep learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yang Cao , Xiaoyu Li , Zhao Song

The study of convex optimization has historically been concerned with worst-case convergence rates. The development of the Optimized Gradient Method (OGM), due to \citet{drori2012PerformanceOF,Kim2016optimal}, marked a major milestone in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Benjamin Grimmer , Kevin Shu , Alex L. Wang

Momentum plays a crucial role in stochastic gradient-based optimization algorithms for accelerating or improving training deep neural networks (DNNs). In deep learning practice, the momentum is usually weighted by a well-calibrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Bao Wang , Qiang Ye

Momentum-based optimizers are widely adopted for training neural networks. However, the optimal selection of momentum coefficients remains elusive. This uncertainty impedes a clear understanding of the role of momentum in stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Xianliang Li , Jun Luo , Zhiwei Zheng , Hanxiao Wang , Li Luo , Lingkun Wen , Linlong Wu , Sheng Xu

This paper studies a stochastic algorithm for linearly constrained nonconvex optimization, where the objective function is smooth but only unbiased stochastic gradients with bounded variance are available. We propose a momentum-based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Chenyang Qiu , Mihitha Maithripala , Zongli Lin

Stochastic optimization lies at the heart of machine learning, and its cornerstone is stochastic gradient descent (SGD), a method introduced over 60 years ago. The last 8 years have seen an exciting new development: variance reduction (VR)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Robert M. Gower , Mark Schmidt , Francis Bach , Peter Richtarik

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with stochastic momentum is popular in nonconvex stochastic optimization and particularly for the training of deep neural networks. In standard SGD, parameters are updated by improving along the path of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Jun-Kun Wang , Chi-Heng Lin , Jacob Abernethy

We present a performant gradient method for smooth convex optimization, drawing inspiration from several recent advances in the field. Our algorithm, the Adaptive Subgame Perfect Gradient Method (ASPGM) is based on the notion of subgame…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Alan Luner , Benjamin Grimmer

Stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDM) is the dominant algorithm in many optimization scenarios, including convex optimization instances and non-convex neural network training. Yet, in the stochastic setting, momentum interferes…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-28 Junhyung Lyle Kim , Panos Toulis , Anastasios Kyrillidis

Momentum methods are now used pervasively within the machine learning community for training non-convex models such as deep neural networks. Empirically, they out perform traditional stochastic gradient descent (SGD) approaches. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Aaron Defazio

Two algorithms are proposed, analyzed, and tested for solving continuous optimization problems with nonlinear equality constraints. Each is an extension of a stochastic momentum-based method from the unconstrained setting to the setting of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Qi Wang , Christian Piermarini , Yunlang Zhu , Frank E. Curtis

The use of momentum in stochastic optimization algorithms has shown empirical success across a range of machine learning tasks. Recently, a new class of stochastic momentum algorithms has emerged within the Linear Minimization Oracle (LMO)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Sarit Khirirat , Abdurakhmon Sadiev , Yury Demidovich , Peter Richtárik

We analyze the convergence rates of stochastic gradient algorithms for smooth finite-sum minimax optimization and show that, for many such algorithms, sampling the data points without replacement leads to faster convergence compared to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Aniket Das , Bernhard Schölkopf , Michael Muehlebach

Despite the recent growth of theoretical studies and empirical successes of neural networks, gradient backpropagation is still the most widely used algorithm for training such networks. On the one hand, we have deterministic or full…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Pascal Junior Tikeng Notsawo

We propose a stochastic conditional gradient method (CGM) for minimizing convex finite-sum objectives formed as a sum of smooth and non-smooth terms. Existing CGM variants for this template either suffer from slow convergence rates, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Gideon Dresdner , Maria-Luiza Vladarean , Gunnar Rätsch , Francesco Locatello , Volkan Cevher , Alp Yurtsever

The fluctuation effect of gradient expectation and variance caused by parameter update between consecutive iterations is neglected or confusing by current mainstream gradient optimization algorithms.Using this fluctuation effect, combined…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-23 Aixiang , Chen , Jinting Zhang , Zanbo Zhang , Zhihong Li