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Related papers: Exploring Alternatives to Softmax Function

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Meta-learning has demonstrated promising results in few-shot classification (FSC) by learning to solve new problems using prior knowledge. Bayesian methods are effective at characterizing uncertainty in FSC, which is crucial in high-risk…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Tianjun Ke , Haoqun Cao , Zenan Ling , Feng Zhou

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) trained with logistic and softmax losses have made significant advancement in visual recognition tasks in computer vision. When training data exhibit class imbalances, the class-wise reweighted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Xiangrui Li , Xin Li , Deng Pan , Dongxiao Zhu

Despite great popularity of applying softmax to map the non-normalised outputs of a neural network to a probability distribution over predicting classes, this normalised exponential transformation still seems to be artificial. A theoretic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Zhenyue Qin , Dongwoo Kim

Softmax is the de facto standard in modern neural networks for language processing when it comes to normalizing logits. However, by producing a dense probability distribution each token in the vocabulary has a nonzero chance of being…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Maxat Tezekbayev , Vassilina Nikoulina , Matthias Gallé , Zhenisbek Assylbekov

Learning systems match predicted scores to observations over some domain. Often, it is critical to produce accurate predictions in some subset (or region) of the domain, yet less important to accurately predict in other regions. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Gil I. Shamir , Manfred K. Warmuth

A softmax operator applied to a set of values acts somewhat like the maximization function and somewhat like an average. In sequential decision making, softmax is often used in settings where it is necessary to maximize utility but also to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-15 Kavosh Asadi , Michael L. Littman

Learning complicated value functions in high dimensional state space by function approximation is a challenging task, partially due to that the max-operator used in temporal difference updates can theoretically cause instability for most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Yaozhong Gan , Zhe Zhang , Xiaoyang Tan

The Softmax function is ubiquitous in machine learning, multiple previous works suggested faster alternatives for it. In this paper we propose a way to compute classical Softmax with fewer memory accesses and hypothesize that this reduction…

Performance · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Maxim Milakov , Natalia Gimelshein

Softmax working with cross-entropy is widely used in classification, which evaluates the similarity between two discrete distribution columns (predictions and true labels). Inspired by chi-square test, we designed a new loss function called…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Zeyu Wang , Meiqing Wang

The softmax function is a cornerstone of multi-class classification, integral to a wide range of machine learning applications, from large-scale retrieval and ranking models to advanced large language models. However, its computational cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Jin Chen , Jin Zhang , Xu huang , Yi Yang , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen

Feature learning is a widely used method employed for large-scale face recognition. Recently, large-margin softmax loss methods have demonstrated significant enhancements on deep face recognition. These methods propose fixed positive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Chingis Oinar , Binh M. Le , Simon S. Woo

In many scenarios of a language identification task, the user will specify a small set of languages which he/she can speak instead of a large set of all possible languages. We want to model such prior knowledge into the way we train our…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-19 Li Wan , Prashant Sridhar , Yang Yu , Quan Wang , Ignacio Lopez Moreno

The softmax representation of probabilities for categorical variables plays a prominent role in modern machine learning with numerous applications in areas such as large scale classification, neural language modeling and recommendation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-01 Michalis K. Titsias

Uncertainty approximation in text classification is an important area with applications in domain adaptation and interpretability. One of the most widely used uncertainty approximation methods is Monte Carlo (MC) Dropout, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Andreas Nugaard Holm , Dustin Wright , Isabelle Augenstein

The objective learning formulation is essential for the success of convolutional neural networks. In this work, we analyse thoroughly the standard learning objective functions for multi-class classification CNNs: softmax regression (SR) for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Qi Dong , Xiatian Zhu , Shaogang Gong

Exponential families are widely used in machine learning; they include many distributions in continuous and discrete domains (e.g., Gaussian, Dirichlet, Poisson, and categorical distributions via the softmax transformation). Distributions…

The softmax-based loss functions and its variants (e.g., cosface, sphereface, and arcface) significantly improve the face recognition performance in wild unconstrained scenes. A common practice of these algorithms is to perform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Hongwei Xu , Suncheng Xiang , Dahong Qian

Enabling machine learning classifiers to defer their decision to a downstream expert when the expert is more accurate will ensure improved safety and performance. This objective can be achieved with the learning-to-defer framework which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Yuzhou Cao , Hussein Mozannar , Lei Feng , Hongxin Wei , Bo An

This paper makes two proposals for Monte Carlo Softmax Search, which is a recently proposed method that is classified as a selective search like the Monte Carlo Tree Search. The first proposal separately defines the node-selection and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Harukazu Igarashi , Yuichi Morioka , Kazumasa Yamamoto

This paper introduces a general multi-class approach to weakly supervised classification. Inferring the labels and learning the parameters of the model is usually done jointly through a block-coordinate descent algorithm such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Armand Joulin , Francis Bach